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Related Concept Videos

Mechanisms of Membrane Domain Formation00:59

Mechanisms of Membrane Domain Formation

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Different physical properties of lipids and proteins allow them to localize and form distinct islands or domains in the membrane. Some membrane domains are formed due to protein-protein interactions, whereas others are formed due to the presence of specific lipids such as sphingolipids and sterols—for example, large proteins, such as bacteriorhodopsin, aggregate and create distinct domains.
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The extracellular matrix or ECM holds cells together to form a tissue and allows the cells within the tissue to communicate. ECM comprises proteins such as fibronectin, collagen, laminin, etc. The most abundant protein in this space is collagen. Collagen fibers are interwoven with carbohydrate-containing protein molecules called proteoglycans. ECM allows cell migration and provides a structural scaffold at cell adhesion that anchors the cell when the extracellular matrix proteins interact with...
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In Vitro Model Integrating Substrate Stiffness and Flow to Study Endothelial Cell Responses
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Membrane Pore Spacing Can Modulate Endothelial Cell-Substrate and Cell-Cell Interactions.

Stephanie M Casillo1, Ana P Peredo1, Spencer J Perry1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, 160 Lomb Memorial Drive, Rochester, NY 14623, USA.

ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering
|October 11, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Porous membranes reduce cell-matrix interactions, similar to soft substrates, and enhance cell-cell junctions. This suggests potential for improved tissue and barrier formation in tissue-on-a-chip applications.

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fibronectinfocal adhesionmembranesubstrate stiffness

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Cell Biology
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Cellular behavior (adhesion, migration, tissue formation) is influenced by mechanical cues and substrate interactions.
  • Tissue-on-a-chip and co-culture systems increasingly use porous membranes, necessitating understanding of disrupted surface effects on cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate endothelial cell behavior on porous glass membranes.
  • Analyze fibronectin fibrillogenesis, focal adhesion formation, and intercellular junction development.
  • Compare cellular responses on porous versus non-porous surfaces.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized transparent glass membranes with defined pore geometries.
  • Examined endothelial fibronectin fibrillogenesis and focal adhesion development.
  • Assessed intercellular junction formation, specifically tight junctions.

Main Results:

  • Cells on porous membranes showed fewer focal adhesions and shorter fibronectin fibrils compared to non-porous controls.
  • Cellular behavior on porous glass mimicked responses seen on continuous soft substrates.
  • Porous membranes enhanced cell-cell interactions, leading to earlier tight junction formation.

Conclusions:

  • Discontinuous surfaces of porous membranes reduce cell-matrix interactions, akin to soft substrates.
  • Porous membranes may promote enhanced tissue and barrier formation due to altered cell interactions.