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Somatostatin receptors in normal and tumoral tissue
J C Reubi1, S W Lamberts, R Maurer
1Sandoz Research Institute, Berne, Switzerland.
Abstract:
Somatostatin receptors have been visualized with autoradiography and characterised biochemically in various somatostatin target tissues, such as brain, pituitary, pancreas and gastrointestinal tract, where they are likely to mediate the somatostatin actions. With the same methods, somatostatin receptors have been detected also in tumors originating from somatostatin target tissues: high receptor incidence is found in GH-producing pituitary adenomas as well as in some hormone-producing gastrointestinal tumors. These tumors are often highly responsive to somatostatin analogs in vivo. Among brain tumors, meningiomas usually contain a high density of receptors, suggesting a novel function for somatostatin in the human meninges. Among other human tumors tested, prostate, ovarian and endometrial carcinomas were free of receptors whereas 3 out of 39 mammary tumors contained somatostatin receptors.
Insights
Somatostatin receptors are present in various tissues and certain tumors, including pituitary adenomas and meningiomas. Their detection suggests potential therapeutic targets for these somatostatin receptor-positive cancers.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Neuroscience
- Oncology
Background:
- Somatostatin receptors mediate somatostatin actions in target tissues like the brain and pituitary.
- These receptors are also found in tumors derived from these tissues.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the presence and distribution of somatostatin receptors in various human tumors.
- To explore the potential of somatostatin receptors as therapeutic targets in oncology.
Main Methods:
- Autoradiography was used to visualize somatostatin receptors.
- Biochemical characterization was performed on receptor-positive tissues and tumors.
Main Results:
- High incidence of somatostatin receptors was found in GH-producing pituitary adenomas and some gastrointestinal tumors.
- Meningiomas typically showed a high density of somatostatin receptors.
- Prostate, ovarian, and endometrial carcinomas lacked these receptors, while a small fraction of mammary tumors did.
Conclusions:
- Somatostatin receptors are present in specific human tumors, indicating their potential role in tumor biology.
- The high receptor density in certain tumors suggests that somatostatin analogs could be effective therapeutic agents for these conditions.
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