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Published on: September 8, 2011
DMSO: A Mixed-Competitive Inhibitor of Human Acetylcholinesterase
Amit Kumar1, Taher Darreh-Shori1
1Karolinska Institutet , Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Division of Translational Alzheimer Neurobiology, NOVUM, 4th Floor, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden.
Abstract:
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is the most common organic solvent used in biochemical and cellular assays during drug discovery programs. Despite its wide use, the effect of DMSO on several enzyme classes, which are crucial targets of the new therapeutic agents, are still unexplored. Here, we report the detailed biochemical analysis of the effects of DMSO on the human acetylcholine-degrading enzyme, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), the primary target of current Alzheimer's therapeutics. Our analysis showed that DMSO is a considerably potent and highly selective irreversible mixed-competitive inhibitor of human AChE with IC50 values in the lower millimolar range, corresponding to 0.88% to 2.6% DMSO (v/v). Most importantly, 1-4% (v/v) DMSO, the commonly used experimental concentrations, showed ∼37-80% inhibition of human AChE activity. We believe that our results will assist in developing stringent protocols and help in the better interpretation of experimental outcomes during screening and biological evaluation of new drugs.
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