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Related Concept Videos

Fatigue01:21

Fatigue

884
Fatigue occurs when materials rupture under repeated or fluctuating loads, even at stress levels far below their static breaking strength. It typically results in brittle failure, even for ductile materials. It is a critical consideration in designing machines and structural components subjected to repetitive or varying loads. The nature of these loadings can range from fluctuating loads like unbalanced pump impellers causing vibrations to repeatedly bending a thin steel rod wire back and forth...
884
Fatigue Strength of Concrete01:22

Fatigue Strength of Concrete

615
Fatigue, in the context of materials science and engineering, refers to the weakening or failure of a material caused by repeatedly applied loads, even if these loads are below the strength limit of the material. Fatigue strength in concrete is a critical property that influences its durability and longevity. Concrete can fail in two ways due to fatigue. Static fatigue or creep rupture occurs under a constant load or one that increases slowly. The other failure mode is due to cyclical or...
615
Design Example: Managing Concrete Workability01:14

Design Example: Managing Concrete Workability

317
This example deals with managing the workability of concrete for a raft foundation project under hot weather conditions. Workability is crucial for ensuring the concrete is easy to place, compact, and finish. In this scenario, a slump test — a common method to measure the workability of fresh concrete — initially indicated low workability. This was attributed to the rapid water loss from the concrete mix, exacerbated by the high temperatures causing the course aggregates to heat up.
317
Strength of Cement01:20

Strength of Cement

623
Strength tests for cement are not performed directly on neat cement paste due to difficulty in obtaining consistent, reliable specimens. Instead, cement is typically tested in the form of cement-sand mortar.
For compressive strength tests, ASTM C 109-05 standards prescribe a cement-sand mix ratio of 1:2.75 and a water/cement ratio of 0.485 for making 2-inch cubes. These cubes are mixed, cast, and cured in saturated lime water at 23°C until testing. Flexural strength testing, outlined in...
623

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 21, 2026

Quasistatic Mechanical Testing for Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing Occlusal Veneers Cemented to Milled Dentin Analog Material
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894

ADM guidance-ceramics: Fatigue principles and testing.

J R Kelly1, P F Cesar2, S S Scherrer3

  • 1Department of Reconstructive Sciences and Center for Biomaterials, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, USA.

Dental Materials : Official Publication of the Academy of Dental Materials
|October 12, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dental ceramic restorations often fail due to chipping or fracture, even below their strength limits. Fatigue degradation from surface flaws significantly reduces the lifetime of these brittle materials.

Keywords:
Ceramic fractureCyclic loadingDegradationDynamicLifetimeSPT diagramSlow crack growthStatic fatigueS–N curve

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Dental Materials

Background:

  • Dental ceramics are brittle materials with low damage tolerance, prone to clinical failure via chipping or catastrophic fracture.
  • Fracture often occurs below the material's intrinsic strength due to fatigue degradation mechanisms like slow crack growth.
  • Surface flaws critically influence damage accumulation and reduce the service life of ceramic dental structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide guidance on fatigue degradation in dental ceramics for researchers.
  • To review fatigue testing concepts and underlying fracture mechanisms.
  • To support early-career scientists in fatigue-related research.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical and laboratory reports on dental ceramic failure.
  • Analysis of fatigue degradation mechanisms, including slow crack growth and cyclic fatigue.
  • Examination of the role of surface flaws in material degradation.

Main Results:

  • Dental ceramics exhibit low damage tolerance, making them susceptible to fatigue-induced failure.
  • Fatigue degradation, driven by surface flaws and crack growth, significantly lowers the effective strength.
  • Understanding fracture mechanics is crucial for characterizing fatigue strength.

Conclusions:

  • Fatigue is a primary factor in the clinical failure of dental ceramics.
  • Surface flaw management and understanding fatigue mechanisms are essential for improving ceramic restoration longevity.
  • This guidance aims to enhance research in dental ceramic fatigue behavior.