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Pericarditis I: Introduction

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Pericarditis is defined as the inflammation of the pericardium, the thin, sac-like membrane surrounding the heart. This condition can cause significant chest pain and other symptoms, often necessitating medical intervention. The pericardium has two layers: the inner visceral layer and the outer parietal layer, separated by a small amount of fluid that reduces friction during heartbeats.Types of PericarditisPericarditis can be classified into several types based on the duration and nature of the...

Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

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Pericarditis is distinguished by inflammation of the pericardium, the fibrous sac that encases the heart. It can be acute, lasting less than six weeks, or chronic, persisting for over three months. Understanding its clinical manifestations and diagnostic findings is crucial for timely and effective management.Clinical ManifestationsWhile pericarditis can be asymptomatic, it usually presents with characteristic symptoms such as:Chest Pain: The most characteristic symptom of pericarditis is chest...

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

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The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...

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Pericarditis III: Medical Management

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The primary objectives of managing pericarditis are to determine the underlying cause, provide effective therapy for treatment and symptom relief, and promptly detect signs and symptoms of cardiac tamponade. The following outlines the essential aspects of medical management for pericarditis:ObjectivesDetermine the Cause: Identifying the underlying cause of pericarditis is crucial for targeted treatment. Causes include viral infections, autoimmune diseases, post-cardiac injury syndrome, and...

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A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts

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Unique circumferential peripheral keratitis in relapsing polychondritis: A case report.

Naohiro Motozawa¹, Takahiro Nakamura, Seiji Takagi

¹Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Kobe Department of Frontier Medical Science and Technology for Ophthalmology Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.

|October 12, 2017

Summary

This case study describes a rare instance of relapsing polychondritis (RP) causing unique circumferential peripheral keratitis. The condition improved with systemic therapy, highlighting the importance of overall disease stabilization.

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Rheumatology
Immunology

Background:

Relapsing polychondritis (RP) is a rare systemic autoimmune disease targeting cartilage.
Ocular manifestations in RP, while known, can present uniquely.

Observation:

A 54-year-old woman with diagnosed RP developed an unusual circumferential peripheral keratitis.
This keratitis presented as peripheral corneal infiltration that clumped and shrank.
Ocular and auricular symptoms fluctuated with systemic steroid dosage.

Findings:

The patient received combination therapies including steroids, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, infliximab, and tocilizumab.
Despite initial treatments, unique keratitis developed but resolved within 10 months.
Tocilizumab therapy correlated with improved general condition and ocular recovery.

Implications:

This case highlights a novel presentation of keratitis in relapsing polychondritis.
Effective management of RP's systemic inflammation appears crucial for resolving associated ocular complications.
Further research into immunomodulatory treatments for RP-associated ocular disease is warranted.