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Related Concept Videos

Proofreading01:31

Proofreading

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Synthesis of new DNA molecules is carried out by the enzyme DNA polymerase, which adds nucleotides on the daughter strand complementary to the template DNA strand. DNA polymerase has a higher affinity to add the correct base and ensures fidelity during DNA replication. Furthermore,  it exhibits proofreading activity during replication, using an exonuclease domain that cuts off incorrect nucleotides from the nascent DNA strand.
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Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 21, 2026

Transcorporal Artificial Urinary Sphincter Cuff Placement in a Case Requiring Revision for Urethral Atrophy
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ERRATUM.

Akinobu Furutani1, Yoshihiro Sowa, Hitoshi Fujiwara

  • 1Department of Molecular-Targeting Cancer Prevention, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.

Oncology Research
|October 13, 2017
PubMed
Summary

This study shows that combining a novel HDAC inhibitor (OBP-801/YM753) with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and radiation significantly enhances anti-cancer effects on esophageal squamous carcinoma cells.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are known to potentiate 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) efficacy in cancer therapy.
  • The combined effect of HDAC inhibitors, 5-FU, and radiation has not been previously investigated for esophageal squamous carcinoma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the synergistic effect of a novel HDAC inhibitor, OBP-801/YM753, combined with 5-FU and radiation.
  • To assess the impact of this combination therapy on esophageal squamous carcinoma KYSE170 cell growth and survival.

Main Methods:

  • Treatment of KYSE170 cells with OBP-801/YM753, 5-FU, and/or radiation.
  • Cell growth inhibition assays.
  • Colony formation assays.
  • Western blot analysis to examine thymidylate synthase expression.

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Main Results:

  • The combination of OBP-801/YM753 and 5-FU showed significantly greater cell growth inhibition compared to 5-FU alone.
  • The most effective inhibition of colony formation was observed with the triple combination of OBP-801/YM753, 5-FU, and radiation.
  • OBP-801/YM753 suppressed 5-FU-induced thymidylate synthase expression.

Conclusions:

  • The novel HDAC inhibitor OBP-801/YM753 enhances the anti-cancer effects of 5-FU and radiation in esophageal squamous carcinoma.
  • This three-component combination therapy demonstrates significant potential for treating esophageal squamous carcinoma.