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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management01:30

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management

290
The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...
290
Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management01:28

Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management

348
AssessmentSubjective Data: Obtain a detailed health history, including any recent or chronic urinary tract infections, periods of immobilization, previous episodes of renal calculi, and medical conditions such as gout, benign prostatic hyperplasia, or hyperparathyroidism. Review the medication history for drugs that may influence stone formation, including allopurinol, analgesics, loop diuretics, or thiazide diuretics. Document the use of long-term indwelling catheters and any past surgical...
348
Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

619
Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
619
Urinary Tract Calculi IV: Nutrition Therapy and Prevention01:27

Urinary Tract Calculi IV: Nutrition Therapy and Prevention

459
Management of renal calculi focuses on effective strategies like tailored nutrition and hydration therapy. Adjusting diet and fluid intake reduces stone formation and recurrence, making these interventions simple yet powerful in kidney stone prevention and management.Understanding Kidney StonesKidney stones form when calcium, oxalate, uric acid, and cystine concentrate and crystallize in urine. Factors contributing to their formation include genetic predisposition, certain medical conditions,...
459
Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:26

Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

458
Renal calculi, commonly termed kidney stones, are crystalline solid masses that form in the kidneys but can occur at any point within the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.The pathophysiology of renal stones involves several key factors: supersaturation of the urine with stone-forming constituents, changes in urine pH, a decrease in urine volume, and the presence of substances that promote or inhibit stone formation.Supersaturation of Urine: This is the...
458
Urinary Tract Infection IV: Nursing Management01:17

Urinary Tract Infection IV: Nursing Management

517
In managing urinary tract infections (UTIs) in nursing, a comprehensive assessment is essential. Begin by gathering subjective data, such as the patient’s complaints of dysuria (painful urination), urinary frequency, urgency, suprapubic pain, and any lower abdominal discomfort. This information can be complemented by questions regarding previous UTIs, sexual activity, and personal hygiene practices, which can provide insight into risk factors. Objective assessment should focus on signs...
517

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Related Experiment Video

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Mouse Bladder Wall Injection
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Bladder stone management: an update.

Antonio Cicione1, Cosimo DE Nunzio2, Stefano Manno3

  • 1Unit of Urology, Città di Castello Hospital, ASL Umbria 1, Città di Castello, Perugia, Italy - acicione@libero.it.

Minerva Urologica E Nefrologica = the Italian Journal of Urology and Nephrology
|October 13, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Bladder stones (BS) are rare but treatable. Current management focuses on stone size and number, with various lithotripsy methods offering effective fragmentation, though comparative studies are lacking.

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Nephrology
  • Surgical Technology

Background:

  • Bladder stone (BS) is a rare condition with multiple treatment options.
  • Literature review aims to update current bladder stone management strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and update the current management of bladder stones (BS).
  • To analyze available literature on bladder stone etiology, diagnosis, and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic MEDLINE search for English language reports before April 2017.
  • Inclusion of bladder stone (BS) related terms; exclusion of pediatric studies.
  • Screening of manuscript references to identify relevant studies.

Main Results:

  • Treatment strategies are primarily based on stone size, number, and causative diseases.
  • Trans-urethral and percutaneous lithotripsy are effective for stone fragmentation.
  • Holmium:YAG laser lithotripsy enables fragmentation under local anesthesia in select cases.
  • The necessity of concomitant prostate surgery with BS treatment is under re-evaluation.

Conclusions:

  • Bladder stone is an uncommon, ancient disease.
  • Newer technologies facilitate less invasive treatments for bladder stones.
  • Multiple surgical approaches and devices achieve stone fragmentation, but comparative randomized studies are needed to determine the optimal method.