α-Glucosidase inhibitory and cytotoxic botryorhodines from mangrove endophytic fungus Trichoderma sp. 307

One new depsidone, botryorhodine H (1), together with three known analogues, botryorhodines C, D and G (2-4), were obtained from the mangrove endophytic fungus Trichoderma sp. 307 by co-culturing with Acinetobacter johnsonii B2. Structures were determined by 1D and 2D NMR analyses and high-resolution mass spectrum. Compounds 1-3 showed α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC₅₀ ranging from 8.1 to 11.2 μM, and compound 1 exhibited potent cytotoxicity against rat prolactinoma MMQ and rat pituitary adenoma GH3 cell lines (IC₅₀ = 3.09 and 3.64 μM).