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Orbital Teratoma: A rare congenital tumour
Insights
Orbital teratomas are rare congenital tumors causing eye proptosis at birth. This case highlights the diagnostic and management challenges of these unique germ cell tumors in infants.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Pediatric Oncology
- Pathology
Background:
- Orbital teratomas are congenital, unilateral germ cell tumors presenting at birth with significant proptosis.
- These rare tumors require individualized and often challenging management strategies.
Observation:
- A neonate presented with left eye proptosis present since birth.
- Imaging revealed an orbital mass with calcifications, causing orbital expansion and bony changes, with no intracranial involvement.
- Diagnosis of orbital teratoma was confirmed via histopathology.
Findings:
- The orbital teratoma was confirmed through histopathological examination.
- The tumor caused significant orbital expansion and characteristic bony changes.
Implications:
- Management of orbital teratomas is challenging and requires a tailored approach.
- Treatment goals include preserving vision, promoting normal orbital development, and achieving optimal cosmetic outcomes.
Background:
Orbital teratomas are congenital, unilateral germ cell tumors, which are present at birth with moderate to massive proptosis. The rare tumour has to be managed individually and is at times difficult.
Case:
A female child in her 2nd day of life was brought to our department with complains of forward bulging of the left eye which was noticed since the time of her birth.
Observation:
Examination and investigations revealed a mass with scattered foci of calcification. The mass was causing expansion of left orbit with thinning and scalloping of bony boundaries of left orbit with no intracranial component. The scan suggests the diagnosis of orbital teratoma which was further confirmed by histopathological examination.
Conclusion:
The rare tumour presents a challenge in management. The aim of management depends upon the extent of tumour, preservation of vision whenever possible, promotion of normal orbital growth and cosmesis.