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Molecular Epidemiology of Rotavirus in Children under Five in Africa (2006-2016): A Systematic Review

D Ouermi1, D Soubeiga2, W M C Nadembega1

  • 1Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA)/LABIOGENE, Université Ouaga I Professeur Joseph KI-ZERBO, 01 B.P. 364, 01 Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, West Africa.

Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences : PJBS
|October 13, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Rotavirus A (RVA) genetic variability in Africa impacts vaccine effectiveness. This review maps prevalent RVA genotypes, identifying G1P[8] as the most common strain across the continent.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Group A human rotaviruses (RVA) cause severe gastroenteritis globally in young children.
  • Current RVA vaccines show reduced efficacy in Africa compared to Europe and North America, potentially due to genetic variability.
  • Understanding circulating RVA genotypes in Africa is crucial for improving vaccine performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a literature review on the molecular epidemiology of RVA in Africa.
  • To determine the prevalence of circulating RVA genotypes across African countries.
  • To establish a reliable data map of RVA genotypes in Africa.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review using PubMed with specific keywords.
  • Inclusion criteria: publication date, child age, sample size, standardized diagnostic techniques.
  • Data analysis using STATA SE version 11, estimating prevalence with 95% Confidence Intervals.

Main Results:

  • 27 studies from 20 African countries were included in the review.
  • Most prevalent G-types: G1 (32.72%), G2 (17.17%), G3 (9.88%), G9 (8.61%), G12 (7.56%).
  • Most prevalent P-types: P[8] (48.71%), P[6] (22.60%), P[4] (11.58%).
  • Most common genotype combination: G1P[8] (22.64%), followed by G2P[4] (8.29%), G9P[8] (6.95%), G2P[6] (5.00%).
  • North Africa showed the highest prevalence of P[8] (65.70%).

Conclusions:

  • This review provides a comprehensive overview of circulating RVA strains in Africa.
  • The identified genotype prevalence is vital for informing the development and deployment of new RVA vaccines.
  • Continuous epidemiological surveillance of RVA strains in Africa is essential for future vaccine success.

Keywords:
AGERotaviruschildrengenotypesmolecular epidemiology

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