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A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
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Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
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The lungs are nestled in a cavity, shielded by the pleura. The pleura, a form of serous membrane, wraps around each lung. This membrane arrangement consists of two layers: the visceral and parietal pleurae. The visceral pleura lines the surface of the lungIn contrast, the parietal pleura is the outer layer and contacts to the thoracic wall, the mediastinum, and the diaphragm. The hilum is the point of connection between the visceral and parietal layers. The space between the parietal and...
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Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
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Pleural Effusion Overview
A pleural effusion is the abnormal collection of fluid between the parietal and visceral pleura layers of tissue that form the lining of the lungs and chest cavity. It can occur independently or due to surrounding parenchymal diseases, such as infection, malignancy, or inflammatory conditions.
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Robotic-assisted Left Pneumonectomy For Vanishing Lung Syndrome
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Benign Posttraumatic Pseudopneumoperitoneum.

Stephen S Currin1,2,3, Cameron D A Simmers1,2,3, Gregory P Tarr1,2,3

  • 11 Department of Radiology, Southern District Health Board, Dunedin Hospital, Dunedin, New Zealand.

AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology
|October 13, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chest wall ectopic gas, or pseudopneumoperitoneum, is a posttraumatic finding near the lower ribs. Recognizing this CT finding can prevent unnecessary exploratory surgery in trauma patients.

Keywords:
CTectopic gaspseudopneumoperitoneumtrauma

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Trauma Surgery
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Ectopic gas in the chest wall can mimic pneumoperitoneum on CT scans.
  • Distinguishing pseudopneumoperitoneum from true pneumoperitoneum is crucial in trauma patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the anatomic distribution of chest wall ectopic gas (pseudopneumoperitoneum).
  • To investigate the relationship between pseudopneumoperitoneum, trauma mechanisms, and clinical outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 492 trauma CT scans from two centers.
  • 306 patients with pseudopneumoperitoneum were analyzed for location, trauma type, and clinical data.
  • Statistical tests (t-test, chi-square) were used to identify associations.

Main Results:

  • Pseudopneumoperitoneum was identified in 5.2% of trauma patients.
  • Gas was located bilaterally near the lower six costochondral junctions.
  • High-velocity trauma was associated with pseudopneumoperitoneum (p=0.010); no hollow viscus perforation was found.

Conclusions:

  • Pseudopneumoperitoneum is a posttraumatic finding near the lower costochondral junctions.
  • Recognition of this CT finding can prevent unnecessary laparotomies in trauma patients.