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Distinguishing a Majorana zero mode using spin-resolved measurements.

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Spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy reveals Majorana zero modes (MZMs) in iron chains on lead surfaces exhibit unique spin polarization. This finding helps distinguish true topological MZMs from other states for quantum computing.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Computing
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • One-dimensional topological superconductors are predicted to host Majorana zero modes (MZMs).
  • The nonlocal properties of MZMs make them promising for fault-tolerant quantum computing.
  • Distinguishing topological MZMs from trivial states is crucial for their application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the spin polarization of MZMs realized in self-assembled iron chains on a lead surface.
  • To determine if spin polarization can serve as a diagnostic tool for topological MZMs.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy (SP-STM) to probe the electronic properties of Fe chains on Pb.
  • Performed theoretical model calculations to interpret the experimental observations.

Main Results:

  • Observed that MZMs in Fe chains on Pb exhibit a spin polarization exceeding that of the chain's intrinsic magnetism.
  • Model calculations confirmed this enhanced spin polarization arises from the nonlocality of MZMs in a topological band structure.

Conclusions:

  • Spin-polarization measurements are a viable method to identify and distinguish topological MZMs from trivial in-gap states.
  • This work advances the understanding and detection of MZMs for potential quantum computing applications.