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Milk fat components with potential anticancer activity-a review.

Luis M Rodríguez-Alcalá1,2, M Pilar Castro-Gómez3, Lígia L Pimentel1

  • 1Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Arquiteto Lobão Vital, Apartado 2511, Porto 4202-401, Portugal.

Bioscience Reports
|October 14, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Milk fat components show potential anticancer properties, including specific fatty acids and lipids. Further human studies are needed to clarify their mechanisms and confirm efficacy against cancer.

Keywords:
ANTICANCER ACTIVITIESDairy productsfatty acidsphospholipidssphingolipids

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Oncology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Milk fat was historically linked to negative health outcomes like cardiovascular disease and obesity.
  • Emerging research suggests dairy lipid components possess beneficial health properties, prompting re-evaluation.
  • Rising cancer incidence necessitates exploring novel preventive and therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current scientific evidence on milk lipid components and their potential anticancer activities.
  • To consolidate findings from in vitro and in vivo studies regarding milk fat's anticarcinogenic effects.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of in vitro and in vivo studies.
  • Analysis of scientific data on specific milk lipid fractions and their biological activities.
  • Evaluation of reported mechanisms of action for identified anticarcinogenic milk components.

Main Results:

  • Specific fatty acids (e.g., butyric acid, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA)), phospholipids, and sphingolipids from milk fat globule membranes show potential anticarcinogenic effects.
  • In vitro and in vivo experiments provide preliminary evidence supporting these properties.
  • Human studies are limited, and findings regarding efficacy and mechanisms remain inconsistent.

Conclusions:

  • Milk lipid components, particularly certain fatty acids and membrane lipids, demonstrate promising anticancer potential.
  • Further rigorous human clinical trials are essential to elucidate mechanisms and confirm therapeutic benefits.
  • Re-evaluation of milk fat's role in health is warranted, moving beyond historical negative associations.