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Zika Virus Infectious Cell Culture System and the In Vitro Prophylactic Effect of Interferons
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Zika Virus: Immune Evasion Mechanisms, Currently Available Therapeutic Regimens, and Vaccines

Arun Asif1, Sobia Manzoor1, Fatima Tuz-Zahra1

  • 1Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Bio-Sciences, National University of Sciences and Technology , Islamabad, Pakistan .

Viral Immunology
|October 14, 2017
PubMed

Keywords:
ZIKVimmune escapenucleoside analogstherapeuticsvaccines

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Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
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Protein synthesis is indispensable for viral replication, as viruses lack the cellular machinery required for this process and must hijack the host's translational apparatus. In response, host cells deploy a critical innate immune defense involving interferons, specialized cytokines that play a central role in inhibiting viral propagation.Upon viral detection, infected cells release interferons that bind to receptors on adjacent uninfected cells, activating the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and...