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Platelet microRNA for predicting acute myocardial infarction
Shuhua Li1,2, Long Zhe Guo3,4, Moo Hyun Kim3
1Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea.
Abstract:
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, while early diagnosis still represents an upmost priority. While platelet activation is critical for AMI pathogenesis, the role of platelet microRNAs (pmiRNAs) as biomarkers for AMI is unclear. Furthermore, correlations between the levels of pmiRNAs and indices of platelet activity are also unknown. Expression of platelet miR-1, miR-21, miR-126, miR-150 and miR-223 were prospectively assessed in 20 ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients, and 40 healthy volunteers. Platelet reactive units (PRU) were assessed with cartridge analyzer, and vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) was measured by flow cytometry. There were no significant changes in pmiR-1 expression. Expressions of pmiR-21 and pmiR-126 were decreased, while pmiR-150 and pmiR-223 were increased in STEMI patients when compared to controls (all p < 0.01). However, only pmiR-126 exhibited correlation with plasma cardiac troponin I (r = - 0.556, p = 0.011) in STEMI. There was no correlation between pmiRNAs with PRU or VASP during admission, or at 48 h post-stenting. Among tested pmiRNAs, pmiR-126 may serve as a potential novel biomarker for STEMI, while pmiR-1, pmiR-21, pmiR-150, and pmiR-223 were not particularly useful. Moreover, since assessed pmiRNA expression did not correlate well with platelet activity indices their potential diagnostic utility is quite limited.
Insights
Platelet microRNAs (pmiRNAs) were assessed for diagnosing ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). While pmiR-126 showed potential as a biomarker, other pmiRNAs and platelet activity indices had limited diagnostic utility for STEMI.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Molecular Biology
- Biomarker Discovery
Background:
- Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) diagnosis is critical for patient outcomes.
- Platelet activation plays a key role in AMI pathogenesis.
- The diagnostic value of platelet microRNAs (pmiRNAs) in AMI remains unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the expression levels of specific pmiRNAs in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients.
- To explore the correlation between pmiRNA levels and platelet activity indices.
- To evaluate the potential of pmiRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for STEMI.
Main Methods:
- Prospective assessment of platelet miR-1, miR-21, miR-126, miR-150, and miR-223 expression in STEMI patients and healthy controls.
- Measurement of platelet reactive units (PRU) and vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) as indices of platelet activity.
- Correlation analysis between pmiRNA levels, cardiac troponin I, PRU, and VASP.
Main Results:
- pmiR-21 and pmiR-126 expression were decreased, while pmiR-150 and pmiR-223 were increased in STEMI patients compared to controls.
- Only pmiR-126 showed a significant correlation with plasma cardiac troponin I.
- No significant correlations were found between pmiRNAs and PRU or VASP at admission or 48 hours post-stenting.
Conclusions:
- pmiR-126 may serve as a potential novel biomarker for STEMI.
- pmiR-1, pmiR-21, pmiR-150, and pmiR-223 have limited diagnostic utility for STEMI.
- The limited correlation between pmiRNA expression and platelet activity indices suggests restricted diagnostic value.