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Related Concept Videos

Oogenesis02:07

Oogenesis

In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
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The menstrual cycle includes a critical component known as the ovarian cycle, which undergoes two main phases each month—the follicular phase and the luteal phase. The follicular phase is variable and averaging around 14 days. Ovulation, triggered by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH), marks the transition between the two phases. The second phase, the luteal phase, is relatively consistent, lasting approximately 14 days, and is marked by the activity of the corpus luteum. While a cycle length...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 25, 2026

A Method to Study the Impact of Chemically-induced Ovarian Failure on Exercise Capacity and Cardiac Adaptation in Mice
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Published on: April 7, 2014

Ovarian function after the menarche and hormonal contraception.

A Borsos1, L Lampé, A Balogh

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Debrecen, Hungary.

International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: the Official Organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
|October 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Regular ovulation in adolescent females typically occurs 2 years after menarche. This understanding aids in determining the appropriate timing for initiating hormonal contraception based on physiological markers.

Keywords:
BiologyClinical ResearchContraceptionContraceptive Methods--indicationsFamily PlanningMenarcheMenstrual Cycle--changesMenstruationOral Contraceptives--indicationsOvulationPhysiologyPubertyReproductionResearch Methodology

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Endocrinology
  • Adolescent Gynecology

Background:

  • Menarche marks the onset of reproductive capability in females.
  • Understanding ovulation timing post-menarche is crucial for reproductive health and contraception.
  • Adolescent menstrual cycles often exhibit irregularity initially.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the timing of regular ovulation following menarche.
  • To inform the appropriate use of hormonal contraception in adolescent females.
  • To investigate the physiological changes in menstrual cycles during adolescence.

Main Methods:

  • Collected early morning urine samples from 51 perimenarcheal girls over 2 years.
  • Measured estrone and pregnanediol-3-glucuronide levels.
  • Utilized a scoring system based on somatic data and hormonal cytology, alongside basal body temperature tracking.

Main Results:

  • Menstrual cycle length shortened from 35-40 days to 28 days by the 23rd-25th cycle.
  • Ovulation was demonstrable in over 50% of patients after the 20th cycle.
  • A somatic data score greater than 16 indicated predictable regular ovulation.

Conclusions:

  • Regular ovulation can be anticipated approximately 2 years after menarche.
  • Hormonal contraception may be safely initiated 2 years post-menarche for girls with a somatic score >16 and confirmed ovulation.
  • This study provides a framework for timing contraceptive interventions based on adolescent female physiology.