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RNA Editing02:23

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RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
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In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
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Identification of Alternative Splicing and Polyadenylation in RNA-seq Data
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Alternative Polyadenylation: Methods, Findings, and Impacts.

Wei Chen1, Qi Jia1, Yifan Song1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering & MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.

Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics
|October 17, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Alternative polyadenylation (APA) regulates gene expression by producing RNA molecules with varying 3' ends. This review covers methods and findings in APA studies, highlighting its diverse roles.

Keywords:
3′UTRAlternative polyadenylationAlternative splicingGene regulationNext-generation sequencing

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Alternative polyadenylation (APA) is a key post-transcriptional regulation mechanism.
  • APA generates distinct mRNA isoforms from a single gene, impacting gene expression.
  • Understanding APA is crucial for deciphering gene regulation complexity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current methods for identifying and studying APA.
  • To summarize recent findings on APA site preferences and biological roles.
  • To discuss the functional consequences and molecular mechanisms of APA.

Main Methods:

  • Next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based techniques for APA identification.
  • Bioinformatics approaches for analyzing APA data.
  • Single-cell strategies for studying APA.

Main Results:

  • Cataloged various APA site preferences and their associated biological processes.
  • Categorized observed APA changes and discussed their potential functions.
  • Explored underlying molecular mechanisms driving APA variations.

Conclusions:

  • APA is a widespread regulatory mechanism with significant functional implications.
  • Continued research with extensive samples will reveal more APA signatures and roles.
  • APA plays diverse and increasingly recognized roles in biological systems.