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Age-dependent association of thyroid function with brain morphology and microstructural organization: evidence from
Layal Chaker1, Lotte G M Cremers2, Tim I M Korevaar1
1Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Neurobiology of Aging
|October 17, 2017
Summary
Thyroid hormone levels impact brain structure differently with age. Higher free thyroxine (FT4) correlated with larger brain volumes in younger adults but smaller volumes in older adults, suggesting age-dependent effects.
Area of Science:
- Neuroendocrinology
- Neuroimaging
- Gerontology
Background:
- Thyroid hormone (TH) is vital for neurodevelopment but implicated in neurodegeneration.
- Limited data exist on thyroid function's association with brain structure in the general population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between thyroid function (TSH, FT4) and brain imaging metrics.
- To explore age-related differences in these associations.
Main Methods:
- Utilized magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).
- Analyzed data from 4683 dementia- and stroke-free participants (age 45.6-89.9 years).
- Assessed total intracranial volume, brain tissue volumes, and white matter microstructure.
Main Results:
- Higher free thyroxine (FT4) levels correlated with larger total intracranial volumes.
- FT4 associated with larger brain and white matter volumes in younger individuals.
- FT4 associated with smaller brain and white matter volumes in older individuals, with significant age interactions for volume and diffusivity.
Conclusions:
- Thyroid function exhibits differential effects on brain structure and microstructure depending on age.
- Findings suggest distinct roles of TH in neurodevelopment versus neurodegeneration.
- This research enhances understanding of thyroid function's role in age-related brain changes and neurodegenerative disorders.