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Updated: Feb 20, 2026

A 3D Organotypic Melanoma Spheroid Skin Model
Published on: May 18, 2018
Melanoma: a prototype of cancer-testis antigen-expressing malignancies
Sepideh Faramarzi1, Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard1
1Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract:
Melanoma is the first malignancy in which expression and immunogenicity of cancer-testis antigens (CTAs) have been documented. Several CTAs have been shown to be expressed in melanoma samples especially those with metastatic potential. Many of them have been shown to exert oncogenic effects through modulation of essential pathways involved in melanoma. The crucial role of CTAs in the pathogenesis of melanoma, the high prevalence of expression of CTA panels in melanoma and the presence of spontaneous as well as inducible immune responses against CTAs in melanoma patients potentiate CTAs as immunotherapeutic targets. Numerous clinical trials are now ongoing to evaluate CTA-based immunotherapeutic effects in melanoma patient's survival. NY-ESO-1 and MAGE antigens have the most promising results up to now.
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