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Long term cardiovascular impacts after burn and non-burn trauma: A comparative population-based study
Janine M Duke1, Sean M Randall2, Mark W Fear1
1Burn Injury Research Unit, University of Western Australia, Western Australia, Australia.
Burns : Journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries
|October 17, 2017
Summary
Burn and non-burn trauma survivors face higher rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) hospital admissions for years after injury, especially within the first five years. Further research is needed to understand the causes and guide long-term care for these patients.
Area of Science:
- Trauma surgery
- Cardiovascular medicine
- Public health
Background:
- Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a significant concern following traumatic injuries.
- Understanding the long-term cardiovascular health of burn survivors compared to other trauma patients is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the rates and duration of cardiovascular disease (CVD) hospital admissions among burn patients, non-burn trauma patients, and individuals with no injury history.
- To identify specific risks and timeframes for post-injury CVD admissions.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of linked hospital and death data for burn patients (n=30,997) and matched comparison cohorts (non-burn trauma: n=28,647; non-injured: n=123,399) in Western Australia (1980-2012).
- Utilized multivariate negative binomial and Cox regression models to calculate adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRR) and hazard ratios (HR) for CVD admissions.
- Outcome measures included the number and length of hospital stays for CVD admissions.
Main Results:
- Burn patients had higher rates of CVD admissions (IRR: 1.16) and longer hospital stays compared to non-burn trauma patients.
- Both burn (IRR: 1.50) and non-burn trauma cohorts (IRR: 1.29) showed significantly higher adjusted rates of post-injury CVD admissions than the non-injured cohort.
- Elevated first-time CVD admissions were observed in the first 6 months post-injury for both groups, with risks decreasing but remaining significant up to 5 years, after which no significant difference was found.
Conclusions:
- Burn and non-burn trauma patients experience prolonged elevated rates of post-injury CVD admissions, particularly in the first five years.
- Further clinical data are needed to elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms underlying trauma-induced CVD.
- This study highlights the ongoing treatment needs for injury patients, emphasizing the importance of long-term cardiovascular monitoring.