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Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl hydroxylase and factor...
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Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells01:23

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells

The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the goblet,...
Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells01:23

Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells

After cellular or tissue damage, the resident stem cells present in the human body can locally repair and regenerate the damaged tissue or organ. However, even though some tissues do not have stem cells, they can repair and regenerate with the help of pre-existing cells. For example, beta cells of the pancreas and hepatocytes of the liver can divide to renew and regenerate the tissue. Here, both cell division and cell death are well regulated by homeostasis.
However, failure of such a system...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Generation and Culture of Blood Outgrowth Endothelial Cells from Human Peripheral Blood
11:00

Generation and Culture of Blood Outgrowth Endothelial Cells from Human Peripheral Blood

Published on: December 23, 2015

Young endothelial cells revive aging blood.

Vivian Y Chang1, Christina M Termini2, John P Chute2,3,4

  • 1Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics.

The Journal of Clinical Investigation
|October 17, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Infusing young bone marrow endothelial cells (BMECs) rejuvenates the aging hematopoietic system in mice. This approach restores immune cell numbers and improves hematopoietic stem cell function, offering potential therapeutic strategies.

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Murine Dermal Lymphatic Endothelial Cell Isolation
05:52

Murine Dermal Lymphatic Endothelial Cell Isolation

Published on: July 21, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Immunology
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • Aging leads to hematopoietic system decline, characterized by reduced hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) self-renewal, myeloid skewing, and immune cell depletion.
  • These age-related changes increase the risk of myeloid malignancies and impair adaptive immunity, highlighting the need for rejuvenation strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential of bone marrow endothelial cells (BMECs) from young mice to rejuvenate the aging hematopoietic system.
  • To assess the impact of BMEC infusions on HSC self-renewal, immune cell restoration, and HSC engraftment in aged mice.

Main Methods:

  • Infusion of bone marrow endothelial cells (BMECs) from young mice into aged mice.
  • Co-delivery of young BMECs and HSCs following total body irradiation in aged mice.
  • Evaluation of HSC self-renewal, immune cell content, HSC engraftment, and survival rates.

Main Results:

  • Infusions of young BMECs promoted HSC self-renewal and restored immune cell content in aged mice.
  • Delivery of young BMECs alongside HSCs improved HSC engraftment and enhanced survival post-irradiation.
  • These findings indicate a crucial role for BMECs in mitigating hematopoietic aging.

Conclusions:

  • Bone marrow endothelial cells (BMECs) play a significant role in regulating hematopoietic aging.
  • Young BMECs possess rejuvenating properties that can restore HSC function and immune repertoire in aged individuals.
  • Further research is warranted to identify specific rejuvenating factors from BMECs for therapeutic development.