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Cold acclimation increases cold tolerance independently of diapause programing in the bean bug, Riptortus pedestris.

J Rozsypal1, M Moos1, S G Goto2

  • 1Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences,České Budějovice,Czech Republic.

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Cold acclimation significantly enhances bean bug (Riptortus pedestris) survival in cold temperatures. Diapause is not essential for this cold tolerance, suggesting other factors are more critical for insect survival.

Keywords:
Riptortus pedestriscold acclimationcold tolerancediapause

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Area of Science:

  • Entomology
  • Insect Physiology
  • Pest Management

Background:

  • Riptortus pedestris, a legume pest, exhibits facultative adult diapause triggered by short days.
  • Understanding R. pedestris cold tolerance and the influence of diapause is limited.
  • Photoperiodism and diapause are known, but cold hardiness mechanisms require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of photoperiod, cold acclimation, and feeding status on R. pedestris cold tolerance.
  • To determine if adult diapause is critical for developing cold tolerance in R. pedestris.
  • To explore the relationship between supercooling capacity, water content, and cold tolerance.

Main Methods:

  • Exposure of adult and nymph R. pedestris to different photoperiods (long/short days).
  • Application of cold acclimation treatments at varying temperatures.
  • Assessment of survival rates at -10°C and analysis of supercooling capacity and metabolite concentrations.

Main Results:

  • Cold acclimation significantly improved survival in both long-day and short-day adult R. pedestris.
  • The difference in cold survival between diapausing and non-diapausing cold-acclimated groups was minimal.
  • Cold acclimation increased cold tolerance in nymphs, while starvation had a negligible negative impact on adults.
  • Supercooling capacity decreased with cold acclimation, suggesting it is unrelated to enhanced cold tolerance.

Conclusions:

  • Entering diapause is not essential for R. pedestris to achieve cold tolerance through acclimation.
  • Cold acclimation is the primary factor enhancing cold hardiness in R. pedestris, irrespective of diapause.
  • Changes in supercooling capacity and water content do not correlate with improved cold tolerance in this species.