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Generalized Psychophysiological Interaction PPI Analysis of Memory Related Connectivity in Individuals at Genetic Risk for Alzheimer's Disease
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Vitamin D and cognitive function: A Mendelian randomisation study.

Jane Maddock1,2, Ang Zhou3, Alana Cavadino4,5

  • 1MRC Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, London, United Kingdom. jane.maddock@ucl.ac.uk.

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|October 18, 2017
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study found no evidence that vitamin D levels causally impact cognitive function in middle to later life. Mendelian randomization analysis of over 170,000 participants showed no significant causal link between vitamin D and cognition.

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Neuroscience
  • Genetic Epidemiology

Background:

  • Vitamin D deficiency (hypovitaminosis D) is common in older adults.
  • Observational studies suggest a link between low vitamin D and cognitive decline, but causality remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causal relationship between serum 25(OH)D levels and cognitive function in mid-to-later life.
  • Utilize Mendelian randomization to assess causality, minimizing confounding factors.

Main Methods:

  • Employed Mendelian randomization using genetic variants (DHCR7, CYP2R1) as instrumental variables for 25(OH)D.
  • Analyzed data from 172,349 participants across 17 cohorts, assessing global and memory cognitive scores.
  • Used random effects meta-analyses, stratified by 25(OH)D levels, sex, and age.

Main Results:

  • Genetic proxies for 25(OH)D showed no significant causal association with global or memory cognitive function.
  • Observed non-linear associations between serum 25(OH)D and cognition, but these were largely driven by a single study and not supported by genetic analysis.
  • Stratified analyses by 25(OH)D tertiles, sex, and age did not alter the null findings.

Conclusions:

  • Serum 25(OH)D concentration is unlikely to be a causal factor for cognitive performance in mid-to-later life.
  • The findings challenge previous observational associations and highlight the importance of causal inference methods.
  • Further research may explore other biological pathways or specific cognitive domains.