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Trypophobic Discomfort is Spatial-Frequency Dependent.

Kyoshiro Sasaki1, Yuki Yamada2, Daiichiro Kuroki3

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Trypophobic discomfort, triggered by hole patterns, is linked to low and middle spatial frequencies in images, not just high ones. This challenges previous assumptions about visual discomfort triggers.

Keywords:
emotionspatial frequencytrypophobia

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Area of Science:

  • Visual perception
  • Psychology
  • Image processing

Background:

  • Clusters of holes can induce trypophobic discomfort.
  • Previous research linked this discomfort to high-contrast energy at midrange spatial frequencies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the specific contribution of different spatial frequency components to trypophobic discomfort.
  • To determine which spatial frequencies are most critical for inducing trypophobic reactions.

Main Methods:

  • Experiments involved manipulating images of hole clusters by removing specific spatial frequency components.
  • Participants rated their discomfort levels when viewing these modified images.
  • The study correlated discomfort levels with the spatial frequency content of the images and individual trypophobic trait levels.

Main Results:

  • Eliminating midrange spatial frequencies did not reduce discomfort.
  • Images composed solely of high spatial frequencies evoked less discomfort.
  • Images containing only low or midrange spatial frequencies induced discomfort comparable to original images.
  • Individuals with higher trypophobic traits reported greater discomfort from low and midrange spatial frequency images.

Conclusions:

  • Trypophobic discomfort is associated with both middle and low spatial frequencies, not exclusively high or midrange frequencies.
  • The findings suggest a broader range of spatial frequencies contribute to trypophobia than previously understood.
  • Individual differences in trypophobic traits modulate the response to specific spatial frequencies.