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Related Concept Videos

RNA Structure01:23

RNA Structure

Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
RNA Structure01:23

RNA Structure

Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
Ribosomal RNA Synthesis02:53

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
RNA Structure01:19

RNA Structure

The basic structure of RNA consists of a string of ribonucleotides attached by phosphodiester bonds. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA) involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three...
Ribosomal RNA Synthesis02:53

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
Nucleic Acid Structure01:25

Nucleic Acid Structure

The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
DNA has a double-helix structure. The...

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Nanomanipulation of Single RNA Molecules by Optical Tweezers
06:59

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Published on: August 20, 2014

Composing RNA Nanostructures from a Syntax of RNA Structural Modules.

Cody Geary1, Arkadiusz Chworos1, Erik Verzemnieks1

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Biomolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of California , Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States.

Nano Letters
|October 18, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a new RNA syntax for programming RNA self-assembly into complex nanostructures. This breakthrough enables precise control over RNA folding for advanced nanomaterials in synthetic biology and nanomedicine.

Keywords:
RNA architectonicsRNA foldingRNA nanotechnologyRNA self-assemblynanoparticlesnanostructurestectoRNAs

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Nanotechnology
  • Synthetic Biology

Background:

  • Natural RNAs fold into complex 3D architectures via hierarchical noncovalent interactions.
  • Sequence-dependent RNA networks define structural modules that control folding into larger domains.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define an extended structural syntax for RNA modules.
  • To program RNA strands for self-assembly into complex, responsive nanostructures.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a linguistic-inspired RNA structural syntax.
  • Utilized this syntax to design RNA building blocks for self-assembly.
  • Demonstrated control over thermodynamic and kinetic folding pathways.

Main Results:

  • RNA building blocks successfully assembled into well-defined 3D nanostructures.
  • Achieved isothermal folding of long RNAs into complex single-stranded nanostructures during transcription.
  • Showcased programmable assembly of RNA-based nanomaterials.

Conclusions:

  • The defined RNA syntax provides a powerful tool for designing programmable RNA nanostructures.
  • This approach has significant potential for applications in synthetic biology, nanomedicine, and nanotechnology.
  • RNA can serve as a versatile informational medium for advanced functional nanomaterials.