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Related Concept Videos

Potential Due to a Magnetized Object01:24

Potential Due to a Magnetized Object

838
Magnetic dipoles in magnetic materials are aligned when placed under an external magnetic field. For paramagnets and ferromagnets, dipole alignment occurs in the direction of the magnetic field. However, the dipoles align opposite to the field in the case of diamagnets. This state of magnetic polarization due to the external field is called magnetization. Magnetization is defined as the dipole moment per unit volume. It plays a similar role to polarization in electrostatics.
The vector...
838
Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview

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In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must...
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Magnetic Moment of an Electron01:23

Magnetic Moment of an Electron

3.0K
Electrons revolving around a nucleus are analogous to a circular current carrying loop. This current produces a magnetic dipole moment proportional to the electron's orbital angular momentum. Since the orbital angular momentum is quantized in terms of the reduced Planck's constant, the dipole moment is quantized in the Bohr Magneton. The value of the Bohr magneton is 9.27 x 10-24 Am2. Electrons also have an intrinsic spin angular momentum, and the associated spin magnetic moment is...
3.0K
Magnetic Damping01:17

Magnetic Damping

1.2K
Eddy currents can produce significant drag on motion, called magnetic damping. For instance, when a metallic pendulum bob swings between the poles of a strong magnet, significant drag acts on the bob as it enters and leaves the field, quickly damping the motion.
If, however, the bob is a slotted metal plate, the magnet produces a much smaller effect. When a slotted metal plate enters the field, an emf is induced by the change in flux; however, it is less effective because the slots limit the...
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Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance01:05

Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance

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The number of nuclear spins aligned in the lower energy state is slightly greater than those in the higher energy state. In the presence of an external magnetic field, as the spins precess at the Larmor frequency, the excess population results in a net magnetization oriented along the z axis. When a pulse or a short burst of radio waves at the Larmor frequency is applied along the x axis, the coupling of frequencies causes resonance and flips the nuclear spins of the excess population from the...
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Magnetic Force01:18

Magnetic Force

2.1K
In addition to the electric forces between electric charges, moving electric charges exert magnetic forces on each other. A magnetic field is created by a moving charge or a group of moving charges known as the electric current. A magnetic force is experienced by a second current or moving charge in response to this magnetic field. Fundamentally, interactions between moving electrons in the atoms of two bodies produce magnetic forces between them.
The magnetic force acting on a moving charge...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 20, 2026

Spectral and Angle-Resolved Magneto-Optical Characterization of Photonic Nanostructures
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Magnetometry via spin-mechanical coupling in levitated optomechanics.

Pardeep Kumar, M Bhattacharya

    Optics Express
    |October 19, 2017
    PubMed
    Summary

    We developed a novel magnetometer using an optically levitated nanodiamond. This device achieves high magnetic field gradient sensitivity, showing promise for advanced sensing applications.

    Area of Science:

    • Quantum sensing
    • Nanomechanics
    • Optics

    Background:

    • Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in nanodiamonds are promising quantum sensors.
    • Optically levitated mechanical oscillators offer sensitive platforms for probing physical phenomena.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate magnetometry using an optically levitated nanodiamond with a nitrogen vacancy center.
    • To determine the magnetic field gradient sensitivity achievable through mechanical oscillation and spin manipulation.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing an optically levitated nanodiamond with a nitrogen vacancy center.
    • Measuring the mechanical oscillator's position spectrum under ultrahigh vacuum and feedback cooling.
    • Employing Ramsey interferometry to probe spin degrees of freedom.

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    Optimizing Magnetic Force Microscopy Resolution and Sensitivity to Visualize Nanoscale Magnetic Domains
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    Spectral and Angle-Resolved Magneto-Optical Characterization of Photonic Nanostructures
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    Main Results:

    • Achieved magnetic field gradient sensitivity of 1 μT m-1/Hz under ultrahigh vacuum and feedback cooling.
    • Observed degraded sensitivity of ~100 mT m-1/Hz at high pressure and room temperature.
    • Demonstrated a sensitivity of 100 μT m-1/Hz using Ramsey interferometry, limited by photon-shot and spin-projection noise.

    Conclusions:

    • The hybrid levitated nanomechanical magnetometer is a versatile platform for sensing.
    • The system demonstrates tunable sensitivity based on environmental conditions and measurement techniques.
    • This approach opens avenues for sensitive magnetic field gradient measurements.