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Novel autonomic neurotransmitters and upper gastrointestinal function.

H C McKirdy1

  • 1Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, U.K.

Pharmacology & Therapeutics
|January 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Inhibitory and excitatory non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (NANC) nerves are found throughout the upper GI tract. Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is a likely inhibitory transmitter, while substance P is a candidate for excitatory transmission.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Neurogastroenterology
  • Smooth Muscle Physiology

Background:

  • Non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (NANC) nerves play a crucial role in regulating gastrointestinal motility.
  • Understanding the specific roles and transmitters of NANC nerves in different regions of the upper GI tract is essential for comprehending digestive function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evidence for inhibitory and excitatory NANC nerves in the human upper gastrointestinal tract.
  • To evaluate potential neurotransmitter candidates for NANC nerve function in the esophagus, stomach, and biliary tract.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing scientific literature on NANC innervation in human upper GI tissues.
  • Analysis of evidence for the presence and density of inhibitory (NANCI) and excitatory (NANCE) nerves.

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  • Assessment of potential transmitter candidates, including substance P, VIP, and ATP.

    • Main Results:

    • Inhibitory NANCI nerves are present in the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum, with higher density in circular muscle and at the oesophagogastric and choledochoduodenal junctions.
    • Excitatory NANCE nerves are found throughout the upper GI tract.
    • Substance P is a likely candidate for NANCE transmission, while VIP is favored for NANCI transmission, except in the gall-bladder.

    Conclusions:

    • NANC nerves, both inhibitory and excitatory, are integral components of the human upper GI tract's neuromuscular control.
    • VIP is the leading candidate for inhibitory NANC neurotransmission, and substance P for excitatory NANC neurotransmission in most upper GI regions.