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Related Experiment Videos

The three-dimensional genome: regulating gene expression during pluripotency and development.

Guillaume Andrey1, Stefan Mundlos2,3

  • 1Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, RG Development & Disease, 14195 Berlin, Germany.

Development (Cambridge, England)
|October 19, 2017
PubMed
Summary

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Gene expression during development relies on enhancer-promoter communication, guided by 3D genome organization. Disruptions in this structure can cause gene misexpression and developmental diseases.

Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Developmental Biology
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Gene expression regulation is crucial for embryonic development.
  • Enhancer-promoter communication, governed by nuclear organization, dictates precise gene expression.
  • Chromatin domains play a key role in organizing the genome and mediating these interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of chromatin domains in guiding enhancer-promoter interactions.
  • To discuss the dynamics of these interactions during cell pluripotency and development.
  • To evaluate the impact of genomic alterations on 3D chromatin structure and gene expression.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on genome organization, chromatin interactions, and gene regulation.
  • Analysis of studies investigating enhancer-promoter communication dynamics.
Keywords:
3D chromatin structureEnhancersGene regulationNon-coding mutationsStem cells

Related Experiment Videos

  • Evaluation of research on genomic rearrangements and their effects on chromatin conformation.

    • Main Results:

    • Chromatin domains organize the genome, directing enhancers to target genes and preventing off-target interactions.
    • Dynamic changes in enhancer-promoter interactions correlate with gene expression shifts in pluripotent cells and during development.
    • Genomic alterations like deletions, inversions, and duplications can disrupt 3D chromatin structure, leading to aberrant enhancer-promoter contacts and gene misexpression.

    Conclusions:

    • 3D genome organization is essential for precise spatiotemporal gene expression during embryogenesis.
    • Dysfunctional enhancer-promoter contacts due to altered chromatin structure can lead to developmental abnormalities and diseases.
    • Understanding these mechanisms provides insights into developmental disorders and potential therapeutic targets.