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Related Concept Videos

Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

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The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
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Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is...
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Acid Halides to Ketones: Gilman Reagent01:14

Acid Halides to Ketones: Gilman Reagent

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Lithium dialkyl cuprate, also known as Gilman reagents, selectively reduces acid halides to ketones. The acid chloride is treated with Gilman reagent at −78 °C in the presence of ether solution to produce a ketone in good yield.
As shown below, the mechanism proceeds in two steps. First, one of the alkyl groups of the reagent acts as a nucleophile and attacks the acyl carbon of the acid chloride to form a tetrahedral intermediate. This is followed by the reformation of the carbon–oxygen...
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EDTA: Chemistry and Properties01:22

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Polydentate ligands are most widely used in complexometric titrations because they form more stable complexes with the metal ions than mono- or bidentate ligands due to the chelate effect. Examples of polydentate ligands are ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), crown ethers, and cryptands. The most important feature of optimal polydentate ligands is the ability to form 1:1 complexes in a single-step process. Amino carboxylic acid derivatives are frequently used as complexing agents. EDTA is...
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Electron Transport Chain: Complex III and IV01:43

Electron Transport Chain: Complex III and IV

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During the electron transport chain, electrons from NADH and FADH2 are first transferred to complexes I and II, respectively. These two complexes then transfer the electrons to ubiquinol, which carries them further to complex III. Complex III passes the electrons across the intermembrane space to Cyt c, which carries them further to complex IV. Complex IV donates electrons to oxygen and reduces it to water. As electrons pass through complexes I, III, and IV, the energy released aids the pumping...
9.4K
Basicity of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines01:25

Basicity of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines

7.0K
Heterocyclic amines, where the N atom is a part of an alicyclic system, are similar in basicity to alkylamines. Interestingly, the heterocyclic amine having a nitrogen atom as part of an aromatic ring has much less basicity than its corresponding alicyclic counterpart. For this reason, as presented in Figure 1, piperidine (pKb = 2.8) is significantly more basic than pyridine (pKb = 8.8).
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[DPEPhosbcpCu]PF6: A General and Broadly Applicable Copper-Based Photoredox Catalyst
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μ-Pyridine-bridged copper complex with robust proton-reducing ability.

Karunamay Majee1, Jully Patel, Babulal Das

  • 1Artificial Photosynthesis Laboratory, Department of Applied Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology(Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad, Jharkhand 826004, India. sumanta@iitism.ac.in.

Dalton Transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)
|October 19, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel binuclear copper complex, [Cu(DQPD)]2, was synthesized and converted to a mononuclear form. The mononuclear complex efficiently catalyzes electrochemical proton reduction and evolves hydrogen under visible light irradiation.

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Area of Science:

  • Coordination Chemistry
  • Catalysis
  • Electrochemistry

Background:

  • Copper complexes are investigated for catalytic applications.
  • Proton reduction is a key process in energy conversion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize a binuclear copper complex, [Cu(DQPD)]2.
  • To investigate the interconversion between binuclear and mononuclear copper complexes.
  • To evaluate the catalytic activity of the mononuclear complex in proton reduction and hydrogen evolution.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis and characterization of the binuclear copper complex using spectroscopic and electrochemical techniques.
  • Conversion of the binuclear complex to a mononuclear complex using pTsOH.
  • UV-Vis spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry to study complex interconversion.
  • Electrochemical proton reduction studies with acetic acid.
  • Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution studies using visible light, a photosensitizer (fluorescein), and a sacrificial electron donor (triethylamine).

Main Results:

  • The binuclear copper complex [Cu(DQPD)]2 was successfully synthesized and characterized.
  • The binuclear complex can be converted to a mononuclear copper complex.
  • The mononuclear copper complex exhibits high catalytic activity for electrochemical proton reduction (ic/ip = 24, TOF = 111.70 s-1).
  • The binuclear complex evolves hydrogen under visible light irradiation (initial TOF = 0.03 s-1).

Conclusions:

  • The synthesized copper complexes show potential in catalysis.
  • The mononuclear copper complex is an effective electrocatalyst for proton reduction.
  • The binuclear complex demonstrates photocatalytic activity for hydrogen evolution.