Detection of Ultrafine Anaphase Bridges

Ultrafine anaphase bridges (UFBs) are thin DNA threads linking the separating sister chromatids in the anaphase of mitosis. UFBs are thought to form when topological DNA entanglements between two chromatids are not resolved prior to anaphase onset. In contrast to other markers of defective chromosome segregation, UFBs cannot be detected by direct staining of the DNA, but instead can be detected using immunofluorescence-based approaches. Due to the fact that they are short-lived and fragile in nature, UFBs can be challenging to detect. In this chapter, we describe methods that have been optimized for successful detection of UFBs. We also provide guidelines for the optimization of UFBs detection depending on the antibody and the cell line to be used.