Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 20, 2026
08:42
Using Multi-fluorinated Bile Acids and In Vivo Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Measure Bile Acid Transport
Published on: November 27, 2016
11.6K
Bile acid receptors and the kidney
Michal Herman-Edelstein1,2, Talia Weinstein3, Moshe Levi4
1Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel-Aviv University.
Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension
|October 19, 2017
Summary
Bile acids activate renal receptors (FXR and TGR5), influencing metabolism and inflammation. Targeting these receptors shows therapeutic potential for kidney diseases like diabetic nephropathy.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Endocrinology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Bile acids are signaling molecules that activate endogenous renal receptors, including the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1 (GPBAR1, also known as TGR5).
- These receptors play crucial roles in renal pathophysiology by modulating lipid, cholesterol, and carbohydrate metabolism, as well as inflammation and fibrosis pathways.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current knowledge on the physiological roles of FXR and TGR5 in the kidney.
- To discuss recent advances in the development of bile acid analogues targeting these receptors for renal disease treatment.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on bile acid receptors in kidney physiology and disease.
- Analysis of therapeutic potential and development of bile acid receptor agonists.
Main Results:
- Bile acid receptor activation influences key metabolic and inflammatory pathways in the kidney.
- Targeting FXR and TGR5 demonstrates promise in preventing diabetic nephropathy and obesity-induced renal damage.
Conclusions:
- FXR and TGR5 are critical mediators of kidney function and disease.
- Bile acid receptor agonists represent a promising therapeutic strategy for various renal conditions.
Related Concept Videos
01:29Renal Regulation of Acid-Base Balance
2.0K
Metabolic reactions in the body produce nonvolatile acids, such as sulfuric acid, which generate an acid load of approximately 1 mEq of H+ per kilogram of body weight daily. Excreting H+ in the urine is essential to balance this acid load.
In the kidneys, cells within the proximal convoluted tubules (PCT) and the collecting ducts secrete hydrogen ions (H+) into the tubular fluid. Specifically, in the PCT, Na+/H+ antiporters secrete H+ while reabsorbing Na+.
However, the intercalated cells in...
In the kidneys, cells within the proximal convoluted tubules (PCT) and the collecting ducts secrete hydrogen ions (H+) into the tubular fluid. Specifically, in the PCT, Na+/H+ antiporters secrete H+ while reabsorbing Na+.
However, the intercalated cells in...
2.0K
01:16Hepatic Drug Excretion: Influencing Factors
645
The biliary system of the liver, crucial for bile secretion and drug excretion, comprises intrahepatic bile ducts that merge to form the common hepatic duct. This duct, carrying hepatic bile, combines with the cystic duct, draining the gallbladder and forming the common bile duct, which empties into the duodenum. Bile, produced by hepatic cells lining the bile canaliculi, is composed primarily of water, bile salts, pigments, electrolytes, and lesser amounts of cholesterol and fatty acids. Bile...
645
01:26Adrenergic Receptors: β Subtype
4.0K
β-adrenoceptors have varied sensitivities towards adrenaline, noradrenaline, and isoprenaline. The order of agonist potency is as follows:
Isoprenaline > Adrenaline > Noradrenaline
Neurotransmitter binding to these receptors causes activation of adenylyl cyclase resulting in increased concentrations of cAMP and modulation of calcium ion channels within the cell. They are further classified into β1, β2, and β3 subtypes.
β1-adrenoceptors: β1-adrenoceptors...
Isoprenaline > Adrenaline > Noradrenaline
Neurotransmitter binding to these receptors causes activation of adenylyl cyclase resulting in increased concentrations of cAMP and modulation of calcium ion channels within the cell. They are further classified into β1, β2, and β3 subtypes.
β1-adrenoceptors: β1-adrenoceptors...
4.0K
01:27Transducer Mechanism: Enzyme-Linked Receptors
4.4K
Enzyme-linked receptors are cell-surface receptors acting as an enzyme or associating with an enzyme intracellularly. They make excellent drug targets. Drugs can bind to the extracellular ligand-binding domain or directly affect their enzymatic domain and alter their activity.
Major types that are helpful drug targets include:
Major types that are helpful drug targets include:
4.4K
01:31Adrenergic Receptors: ɑ Subtype
3.1K
Adrenoceptors are classified into α and ꞵ classes based on their potencies to catecholamine agonists. α-adrenoceptors show the following order of catecholamine potency:
Adrenaline ≥ Noradrenaline >> Isoprenaline
α-adrenoceptors are further divided into α1 and α2-adrenoceptors.
α1-Adrenoceptors: These receptors are located postsynaptically on the effector organs and cause constriction of smooth muscle mediated by activation of phospholipase...
Adrenaline ≥ Noradrenaline >> Isoprenaline
α-adrenoceptors are further divided into α1 and α2-adrenoceptors.
α1-Adrenoceptors: These receptors are located postsynaptically on the effector organs and cause constriction of smooth muscle mediated by activation of phospholipase...
3.1K
01:19Bile
4.8K
Bile is a crucial bodily fluid, characterized by its yellow-green color and alkaline nature. Produced in the liver, it is transported through the common hepatic duct into either the cystic duct, leading to the gallbladder, or directly into the common bile duct. The flow of bile is regulated by the sphincter of Oddi located at the entrance of the duodenum. When this sphincter is closed, bile is redirected to the gallbladder for storage and concentration.
Bile is released when dietary fats enter...
Bile is released when dietary fats enter...
4.8K