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Wnt is a zygotic effect gene that is expressed during very early embryonic development. It regulates various processes in animals starting from early development through the adult stage, such as organogenesis in the embryo and maintenance of neuronal and blood stem cells. Wnt proteins can induce a wide variety of intracellular pathways depending upon the specific abilities of different Wnt ligands to form a complex with shared and cognate receptors in the presence of different co-receptors. The...
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The gene encoding the main signaling molecules of the Wnt signaling pathways (the Wnt proteins) was discovered almost four decades ago by Nüsslein-Volhard and Wieschaus. They identified and originally named the gene "wingless" (wg) after a phenotype discovered during their landmark genetic screen in Drosophila for body pattern defects. At around the same time, another researcher named Harold Varmus found that a murine tumor virus activates the mammalian wg homolog, Int-1, which...
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Epidermal stem cells (EpiSCs) are mainly located at the basal layer of the epidermis. These cells repair minor injuries of the skin and replace dead skin cells. However, EpiSCs’ cannot heal severe wounds such as major burns or those from diabetes or hereditary disorders. In such cases, culturing the epidermal stem cells from the patient is possible and has yielded successful treatment options, such as laboratory-grown skin grafts. These grafts are synthesized using a patient’s own...
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Regeneration and repair processes are critical in healing damages caused by injury, disease, and aging. In regeneration, the damaged tissue is entirely replaced with new growth that restores the original architecture and function. In contrast, tissue repair usually results in a fixed tissue architecture involving scar formation. Scars generally do not reestablish tissue function and may also exhibit structural abnormalities at the injury site.
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Concise Review: Wnt Signaling Pathways in Skin Development and Epidermal Stem Cells.

Anthony Veltri1, Christopher Lang1, Wen-Hui Lien1

  • 1de Duve Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.

Stem Cells (Dayton, Ohio)
|October 20, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Wnt signaling pathways are crucial for mammalian skin development and the regulation of epidermal stem cells (SCs) during tissue homeostasis. This review details Wnt

Keywords:
Epidermal stem cellsHair follicle morphogenesisSkin developmentWnt signaling

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology and Stem Cell Biology

Background:

  • Mammalian skin forms a protective barrier, with epidermal cells and hair follicles (HFs) undergoing continuous development and regeneration.
  • Epidermal stem cells (SCs) in the interfollicular epidermis (IFE) and HF bulge drive tissue renewal.
  • Wnt signaling pathways are key extrinsic regulators of epidermal development and SC function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of Wnt signaling in skin development and SC regulation.
  • To explore the crosstalk between Wnt signaling and other pathways in skin homeostasis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of Wnt signaling in skin biology.
  • Analysis of Wnt pathway involvement in epidermal development and SC maintenance.

Main Results:

  • Wnt signaling is essential for epidermal stratification and HF formation during development.
  • Wnt pathways govern SC proliferation and differentiation in postnatal skin and HF regeneration.
  • Potential interactions between Wnt and other signaling cascades in skin homeostasis are identified.

Conclusions:

  • Wnt signaling is a central regulator of skin development, SC behavior, and tissue homeostasis.
  • Understanding Wnt crosstalk is vital for comprehending complex skin regeneration processes.