On-chip splicer for coupling light between photonic crystal and solid-core fibers

Area of Science:

• Optics and Photonics
• Materials Science
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Efficient light coupling between different fiber types is crucial for optical systems.
• Conventional methods often suffer from losses and alignment challenges.
• Hollow-core photonic crystal fibers (HCPCFs) offer unique light-guiding properties but require precise interfacing.

Purpose of the Study:

• To design and demonstrate a novel on-chip mechanical splicer for SC-HCPCF light injection.
• To achieve high-efficiency and reliable optical coupling between SC and HCPCFs.
• To overcome limitations of existing fiber-to-fiber connection techniques.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of an ultra-high vacuum (UHV) compatible on-chip structure using lithography.
• Integration of the on-chip structure as a mechanical splicer for fiber alignment.
• Experimental measurement of light coupling efficiencies for various SC fiber types and a HCPCF.

Main Results:

• Demonstrated an on-chip mechanical splicer enabling efficient light transfer between SC and HCPCFs.
• Achieved a maximum coupling efficiency of 93% for SC-to-HCPCF light injection.
• Validated the device's performance with multiple SC fiber types and a standard HCPCF.

Conclusions:

• The developed lithographically defined on-chip splicer provides a robust solution for SC-HCPCF interfacing.
• High coupling efficiencies indicate the potential of this technology for advanced optical communication and sensing.
• The UHV compatibility suggests suitability for demanding experimental environments.