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Related Concept Videos

Infection01:20

Infection

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When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
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Prevalence and Incidence01:08

Prevalence and Incidence

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In statistical epidemiology and health sciences, two essential metrics—prevalence and incidence—are fundamental for understanding disease dynamics within a population. These measures enable public health officials, epidemiologists, and researchers to assess the burden of diseases, allocate resources effectively, and design impactful public health policies and interventions.
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health...
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Stages of Infection01:26

Stages of Infection

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Stages of infection describe what happens to a susceptible host once a pathogen invades the human body. The stages of infection are incubation, prodromal, illness, stage of decline, and convalescence. The incubation stage is the period from exposure to a pathogen until symptoms start. The infected person is unaware of impending illness as the pathogens grow and multiply within the body. The duration may vary depending on the type of infection. The incubation period of measles averages ten to...
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Kendall's Coefficient of Concordance01:20

Kendall's Coefficient of Concordance

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Kendall's Coefficient of Concordance (W), also known as Kendall's W, is a non-parametric statistical measure used to assess the agreement or concordance between multiple raters or judges when they rank a set of items. It is often used when you have ordinal data (ranks) and you want to see if there is consistency or consensus among the raters. It is widely applied in research areas such as psychology, medicine, and social sciences, where multiple judges are asked to rank or rate subjects...
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Defense Mechanism Against Infection01:26

Defense Mechanism Against Infection

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Natural flora, body system defenses, and inflammation are natural barriers of the body against infectious agents regardless of previous exposure. Normal floras of the human body refer to the microbial population that colonizes the skin and mucous membranes.
In addition, many body organ systems have unique defenses against infection. The skin is an intact, multilayered surface preventing invasion by microorganisms unless impaired. Mucous membranes lining the mouth, nose, and eyelids are barriers...
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Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

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Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
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  1. Home
  3. Research Domains
  5. Biomedical And Clinical Sciences
  7. Oncology And Carcinogenesis
  9. Predictive And Prognostic Markers
  11. Oral Human Papillomavirus Infection: Differences In Prevalence Between Sexes And Concordance With Genital Human Papillomavirus Infection, Nhanes 2011 To 2014.
  1. Home
  3. Research Domains
  5. Biomedical And Clinical Sciences
  7. Oncology And Carcinogenesis
  9. Predictive And Prognostic Markers
  11. Oral Human Papillomavirus Infection: Differences In Prevalence Between Sexes And Concordance With Genital Human Papillomavirus Infection, Nhanes 2011 To 2014.

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Oral Combinational Antiretroviral Treatment in HIV-1 Infected Humanized Mice
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Oral Combinational Antiretroviral Treatment in HIV-1 Infected Humanized Mice

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Oral Human Papillomavirus Infection: Differences in Prevalence Between Sexes and Concordance With Genital Human Papillomavirus Infection, NHANES 2011 to 2014.

Kalyani Sonawane1, Ryan Suk1, Elizabeth Y Chiao1

  • 1From University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Baylor College of Medicine and The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, Texas; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York.

Annals of Internal Medicine
|October 20, 2017

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Ex Vivo Infection of Human Lymphoid Tissue and Female Genital Mucosa with Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 and Histoculture
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Ex Vivo Infection of Human Lymphoid Tissue and Female Genital Mucosa with Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 and Histoculture

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Oral Bacterial Infection and Shedding in Drosophila melanogaster
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Oral Bacterial Infection and Shedding in Drosophila melanogaster

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Oral Bacterial Infection and Shedding in Drosophila melanogaster
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Oral human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is significantly more common in U.S. men than women, with high-risk HPV types also more prevalent. Findings suggest a need for targeted prevention strategies for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC).

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) disproportionately affects men, but oral HPV infection prevalence differences between sexes are understudied.
  • Concordance between oral and genital HPV infections in men remains largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of oral HPV infection in U.S. men and women.
  • To investigate the concordance of oral and genital HPV infections among men and women.

Main Methods:

  • A nationally representative survey of the U.S. civilian noninstitutionalized population aged 18-69 years (NHANES, 2011-2014).
  • Oral rinse, penile swab, and vaginal swab specimens were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction and type-specific hybridization.

Main Results:

  • Overall oral HPV prevalence was 11.5% in men versus 3.2% in women; high-risk oral HPV was 7.3% in men versus 1.4% in women.
  • Oral HPV 16 was 6 times more common in men. Among men with same-sex partners, high-risk HPV prevalence was 12.7%.
  • Men with concurrent genital HPV infection had 4-fold greater oral HPV prevalence. Risk factors included race, smoking, marijuana use, and numerous lifetime sexual partners.

Conclusions:

  • Oral HPV infection is common in U.S. men, highlighting a significant public health concern.
  • Findings support the need for targeted prevention efforts for OPSCC, considering sexual behaviors and demographic factors.