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Related Concept Videos

Fetal Circulation01:14

Fetal Circulation

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Fetal circulation is a unique system that facilitates the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products between the developing fetus and the mother. This intricate process takes place through a special organ called the placenta.
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Overview of Systemic Arteries01:11

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The human body is a complex, well-organized machine, and at the heart of its operations lies the circulatory system. This network of blood vessels, which includes systemic arteries, plays a vital role in maintaining life by transporting nutrients, oxygen, and waste products to and from cells throughout the body.
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Overview of Systemic and Pulmonary Circulation01:15

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The systemic and pulmonary circuits are crucial components of the circulatory system, working together to transport blood between the heart, lungs, and the rest of the body. The process begins with pulmonary circulation, where deoxygenated blood is pumped from the right ventricle to the lungs via the pulmonary trunk and arteries. Upon reaching the lungs, the blood becomes oxygenated and returns to the heart, specifically to the left atrium, via the pulmonary veins.
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Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
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Updated: Feb 20, 2026

Wireless Telemetry Device Implantation in a Fontan Ovine Model for Continuous and Long-Term Hemodynamic Monitoring
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Fontan circulation and implications for future reproduction.

Niharika Mehta1,2, Srilakshmi Mitta1,2

  • 1Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.

Obstetric Medicine
|October 21, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Women with Fontan circulation face pregnancy risks, including miscarriage and prematurity. Preconception counseling and cardiac monitoring are crucial for managing these high-risk pregnancies.

Keywords:
Cardiovascularhigh-risk pregnancymaternal–fetal medicinephysiology

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Congenital Heart Disease

Background:

  • The Fontan procedure is a palliative surgery for single-ventricle congenital heart disease.
  • Pregnancy in women with Fontan circulation presents significant risks.
  • Current preconception counseling and contraception practices are inconsistent.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize and critique recent literature on preconception counseling, pregnancy outcomes, and cardiac complications in women with a history of Fontan circulation.
  • To highlight the risks and management considerations for pregnancy in this patient population.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and critical analysis of four recent publications.
  • Synthesis of data regarding pregnancy outcomes and cardiac complications.

Main Results:

  • Pregnancy in women with Fontan circulation is associated with high rates of miscarriage, prematurity, and small-for-gestational-age infants.
  • Arrhythmias are the primary cardiac complications reported during pregnancy.
  • The long-term impact of pregnancy on the prognosis of women with Fontan circulation remains unknown.

Conclusions:

  • Women with Fontan circulation require specialized preconception counseling and ongoing cardiac monitoring during pregnancy.
  • Pregnancy outcomes in this cohort are often suboptimal, necessitating careful risk assessment and management.
  • Further research is needed to understand the long-term effects of pregnancy on Fontan survivors.