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Exercise and bone health across the lifespan
Lívia Santos1, Kirsty Jayne Elliott-Sale1, Craig Sale2
1Musculoskeletal Physiology Research Group, Sport, Health and Performance Enhancement Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK.
Biogerontology
|October 21, 2017
Summary
Regular exercise during adolescence and adulthood is crucial for maximizing peak bone mass and preventing osteoporosis. Weight-bearing activities promote bone health and offer anti-aging benefits, preserving bone strength throughout life.
Area of Science:
- Bone biology and aging
- Exercise physiology
- Osteoporosis research
Background:
- Bone tissue undergoes age-related changes, increasing osteoporosis risk.
- Osteoporosis, characterized by bone weakening and fractures, is linked to aging and menopause.
- Predisposing factors for osteoporosis may originate in childhood and adolescence.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the long-term benefits of exercise interventions for bone health.
- To highlight the role of exercise in maximizing peak bone mass and delaying osteoporosis.
- To explore the anti-aging effects of exercise on bone tissue.
Main Methods:
- Review of studies on exercise interventions during childhood and adolescence.
- Analysis of research on exercise's impact on bone anabolism and osteogenic response.
- Examination of recent findings on exercise, aging, and epigenetics (telomere shortening, DNA methylation).
Main Results:
- Weight-bearing exercise during maturation significantly enhances bone anabolism.
- Exercise interventions in youth lead to a substantial osteogenic response.
- Exercise in later life (after 40) demonstrates anti-aging effects, potentially via epigenetic modifications.
Conclusions:
- Early and consistent exercise is vital for building peak bone mass and preventing age-related osteoporosis.
- Exercise is a key modifiable factor for maintaining bone mass, strength, and cellular health.
- Exercise provides significant anti-aging benefits, contributing to overall bone health and longevity.
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