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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 20, 2026

Subject-specific Musculoskeletal Model for Studying Bone Strain During Dynamic Motion
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nmsBuilder: Freeware to create subject-specific musculoskeletal models for OpenSim.

Giordano Valente1, Gianluigi Crimi1, Nicola Vanella1

  • 1Medical Technology Laboratory, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy.

Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine
|October 22, 2017
PubMed
Summary

nmsBuilder 2.0 is a free software application that streamlines the creation of subject-specific musculoskeletal models for OpenSim simulations. This tool simplifies complex workflows, making biomechanics research more efficient and accessible.

Keywords:
FreewareImage-based modelImaging data processingMusculoskeletal modelOpenSimSubject-specific model

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Medical Imaging
  • Computational Modeling

Background:

  • Musculoskeletal modeling and simulations are vital in orthopedic and neurological research, with a growing emphasis on subject-specific applications.
  • Current subject-specific musculoskeletal modeling is hampered by time-consuming workflows and the need for specialized expertise.
  • A lack of standardized tools hinders efficient and reproducible musculoskeletal model creation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce nmsBuilder 2.0, a freely available software application designed to create subject-specific musculoskeletal models.
  • To facilitate the generation of models in the OpenSim file format, a widely-used platform for musculoskeletal modeling and simulation.
  • To provide an efficient and standardized workflow for creating musculoskeletal models from image-based data.

Main Methods:

  • nmsBuilder 2.0 utilizes a graphical user interface built on a C++ framework for computer-aided medicine.
  • The software supports a workflow for creating OpenSim musculoskeletal models from 3D surfaces.
  • Key steps include data processing for anatomical landmarks and surfaces, and the creation of OpenSim objects like bodies, joints, and muscles.

Main Results:

  • A case study demonstrated the creation of an MRI-based musculoskeletal model of the lower limb using nmsBuilder 2.0.
  • The model comprised four rigid bodies, five degrees of freedom, and 43 musculotendon actuators.
  • The model was successfully generated from 3D surfaces of segmented MRI images of a healthy subject.

Conclusions:

  • nmsBuilder 2.0 offers an efficient and standardized method for creating OpenSim musculoskeletal models from image data.
  • The software is freely accessible at nmsbuilder.org, promoting wider adoption in biomechanics research.
  • This tool is expected to advance personalized applications in musculoskeletal biomechanics and support larger-scale studies.