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MAP Kinase Cascades Regulate the Cold Response by Modulating ICE1 Protein Stability.

Chunzhao Zhao1, Pengcheng Wang1, Tong Si2

  • 1Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.

Developmental Cell
|October 24, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades regulate plant cold response. Specific MAPK pathways negatively control cold tolerance by degrading ICE1, while others positively regulate it.

Keywords:
CBFsCRLKsICE1MAPK cascadescold acclimationfreezing tolerance

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Area of Science:

  • Plant biology
  • Molecular signaling
  • Stress response

Background:

  • Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are crucial for translating environmental cues into cellular actions.
  • Understanding how plants perceive and respond to cold stress is vital for agriculture and food security.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of specific MAPK pathways in regulating plant responses to cold stress.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which MPK3, MPK4, and MPK6 influence cold tolerance.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of MAPK gene expression and activity following cold treatment.
  • Phenotypic characterization of plant mutants (mpk3, mpk6) and genetically modified plants with constitutive MAPK cascade activation.
  • Investigating protein-protein interactions and phosphorylation events involving ICE1.

Main Results:

  • MPK3, MPK4, and MPK6 are rapidly activated by cold.
  • Loss-of-function mutants (mpk3, mpk6) show enhanced freezing tolerance and increased CBF gene expression.
  • Constitutive activation of MKK4/5-MPK3/6 signaling reduces CBF gene expression and freezing tolerance.
  • MPK3/6 phosphorylate and promote ICE1 degradation, negatively regulating the cold response.
  • The MEKK1-MKK2-MPK4 pathway positively regulates cold response by suppressing MPK3/6.
  • CRLK1/2 and YDA negatively modulate cold activation of MPK3/6.

Conclusions:

  • MAPK cascades play complex, dual roles in regulating plant cold acclimation.
  • The MKK4/5-MPK3/6 pathway acts as a negative regulator, while MEKK1-MKK2-MPK4 acts as a positive regulator of cold tolerance.
  • Phosphorylation and degradation of ICE1 by MPK3/6 is a key mechanism in cold stress signaling.