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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 20, 2026

Detecting Somatic Genetic Alterations in Tumor Specimens by Exon Capture and Massively Parallel Sequencing
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Comprehensive analysis of normal adjacent to tumor transcriptomes.

Dvir Aran1, Roman Camarda2,3, Justin Odegaard4

  • 1Institute for Computational Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA. dvir.aran@ucsf.edu.

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|October 24, 2017
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Summary

Normal adjacent tissue (NAT) in cancer studies shows a unique transcriptomic profile between healthy and tumor tissues. This finding reveals shared inflammatory pathways in NATs across cancer types, suggesting a pan-cancer mechanism.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genomics
  • Transcriptomics

Background:

  • Normal adjacent tissue (NAT) is a common control in cancer research.
  • The transcriptomic profile of NAT and its relationship with tumors remain underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the transcriptomic profile of NAT.
  • To understand how tumor influences NAT.
  • To compare NAT with healthy and tumor tissues.

Main Methods:

  • Integrated data from Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).
  • Analyzed transcriptomes of healthy, NAT, and tumor tissues across eight tissue types and corresponding tumors (6506 samples).
  • Performed differential gene expression and protein-protein interaction analyses.

Main Results:

  • NAT exhibits an intermediate transcriptomic state between healthy and tumor tissues.
  • Identified shared altered pathways in NATs across different cancer types.
  • Characterized 18 genes specifically activated in NATs.
  • Found evidence of tumor-derived pro-inflammatory signals stimulating an inflammatory response in adjacent endothelium.

Conclusions:

  • NAT possesses a distinct transcriptomic signature influenced by the tumor microenvironment.
  • A conserved pan-cancer mechanism involving inflammation in NATs is proposed.
  • The study highlights the importance of considering NAT's unique biological state in cancer research.