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Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
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Non-Faradaic Li+ Migration and Chemical Coordination across Solid-State Battery Interfaces.

Forrest S Gittleson1, Farid El Gabaly1

  • 1Sandia National Laboratories , 7011 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, United States.

Nano Letters
|October 24, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Understanding solid-state battery interfaces is key. We found Li+ ion migration reduces capacity, but a LiNbO3 interlayer can restore it by mitigating interfacial charge effects.

Keywords:
Li-ion batteryXPSpulsed laser depositionsolid electrolytespace-charge layerthin-film

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Solid-State Batteries

Background:

  • Efficient charge transfer is crucial for high-performance solid-state batteries.
  • Interfacial chemistry significantly impacts battery cell function, but remains poorly understood.
  • Space-charge layers, involving charge enrichment/depletion, are theorized but experimentally uncharacterized at solid-state interfaces.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the interfacial chemistry and space-charge effects at the LiCoO2-LIPON solid-state battery interface.
  • To experimentally validate the existence and impact of space-charge layers.
  • To identify strategies for mitigating interfacial losses and improving battery performance.

Main Methods:

  • Combined X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electrochemical techniques.
  • Investigated the LiCoO2-LIPON interface in solid-state batteries.
  • Analyzed the effect of a LiNbO3 interlayer.

Main Results:

  • Experimental validation of space-charge separation at the LiCoO2-LIPON interface.
  • Identified non-Faradaic Li+ ion migration from the electrode to the electrolyte, causing ~15% reversible cathodic capacity loss.
  • Demonstrated that a LiNbO3 interlayer reduces space-charge separation and mitigates Li+ loss.

Conclusions:

  • Interfacial chemistry, specifically space-charge layer formation and ion migration, critically affects solid-state battery performance.
  • The LiNbO3 interlayer effectively suppresses detrimental interfacial effects, restoring theoretical cathodic capacity.
  • This study highlights the importance of interfacial engineering for advancing solid-state battery technology.