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Single-source PPG-based local pulse wave velocity measurement: a potential cuffless blood pressure estimation
P M Nabeel1, J Jayaraj2, S Mohanasankar1,2
1Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras, Chennai, India.
Physiological Measurement
|October 24, 2017
Summary
A new photoplethysmograph system accurately measures local pulse wave velocity (PWV) for cuffless blood pressure (BP) estimation. This technology offers a reliable method for assessing arterial properties and BP without traditional cuffs.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Cardiovascular Technology
- Physiological Measurement
Background:
- Traditional blood pressure (BP) measurement relies on occluding cuffs, which can be uncomfortable and provide intermittent readings.
- Developing cuffless BP monitoring techniques is crucial for continuous and convenient cardiovascular health assessment.
- Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is a recognized indicator of arterial stiffness and a potential parameter for BP estimation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate a novel photoplethysmograph (PPG) probe for accurate local pulse wave velocity (PWV) measurement.
- To investigate the feasibility of using the developed PPG system for cuffless blood pressure (BP) estimation.
- To compare the accuracy of local PWV with other pulse transit time methods for BP monitoring.
Main Methods:
- A novel PPG probe with dual photodiodes and a single infrared light source was designed.
- Phantom validation and an in vivo study with 35 healthy volunteers were conducted.
- Local PWV, carotid to finger pulse transit time (PTT_R), and pulse arrival time at the carotid artery (PAT_C) were simultaneously measured for beat-by-beat analysis and BP estimation.
Main Results:
- The developed PPG system demonstrated high accuracy and reproducibility in phantom and in vivo measurements (r=0.96).
- Local PWV showed a stronger correlation with brachial BP parameters (r=0.74-0.78) compared to PTT_R (r=0.62-0.67) and PAT_C (r=0.52-0.68).
- Cuffless BP estimation using local PWV, particularly with subject-specific models, achieved high accuracy (RMSE ≤ 2.61 mmHg), outperforming PTT_R and PAT_C.
Conclusions:
- The novel PPG system provides a reliable method for cuffless blood pressure monitoring.
- Local PWV measurement using this system enables accurate estimation of arterial wall properties.
- This technology holds promise for advancing non-invasive cardiovascular diagnostics and management.
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