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Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
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The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
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All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
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Assessing Stem Cell DNA Integrity for Cardiac Cell Therapy
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Stem Cell Pathology.

Dah-Jiun Fu1, Andrew D Miller1, Teresa L Southard1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Sciences and Cornell Stem Cell Program, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA;

Annual Review of Pathology
|October 24, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Stem cell pathology is crucial for advancing regenerative medicine and understanding diseases like cancer. This field requires pathology expertise to interpret stem cell research and develop new diagnostics and treatments.

Keywords:
cancerdisease pathogenesismouse modelsstem cell biologystem cell nichestissue evaluation

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Area of Science:

  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Stem cell research offers new avenues for disease understanding and therapeutic development.
  • Anatomically defined stem cell niches allow for pathological evaluation during disease progression.
  • Interpreting stem cell research findings, especially in disease pathogenesis and regenerative medicine, necessitates pathology expertise.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the urgent need for establishing stem cell pathology as a distinct discipline.
  • To provide examples of anatomically defined stem cell niches relevant for pathologists.
  • To discuss neoplastic lesions associated with these niches and future directions in the field.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on stem cell niches and pathology.
  • Identification of anatomically defined niches suitable for pathological evaluation.
  • Description of neoplastic lesions linked to specific stem cell niches.

Main Results:

  • Several stem cell niches are well-defined anatomically and amenable to pathological assessment.
  • Neoplastic lesions associated with these niches are identified and described.
  • The review outlines the potential for stem cell pathology to support research and clinical applications.

Conclusions:

  • Developing stem cell pathology is essential for advancing stem cell research and regenerative medicine.
  • Pathologists play a key role in interpreting stem cell behavior in health and disease.
  • This discipline will facilitate novel diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic strategies.