Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Motor Unit Stimulation01:20

Motor Unit Stimulation

4.0K
When the neuron of a motor unit fires an action potential, it triggers a series of events, leading to a twitch contraction in the muscle fibers. The process of excitation-contraction coupling is crucial in relaying the action potential to the muscle fibers.
The latent period of contraction marks the onset of excitation-contraction coupling, when the action potential propagates across the sarcolemma, preparing the muscle fibers for contraction. As the fibers enter the contraction phase, the...
4.0K
Excitation-Contraction Coupling in Skeletal Muscles01:20

Excitation-Contraction Coupling in Skeletal Muscles

15.9K
Excitation-contraction coupling is a series of events that occur between generating an action potential and initiating a muscle contraction. It occurs at the triad, a structure found in skeletal muscle fibers that comprise a T-tubule and terminal cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum on each side. These triads are visible in longitudinally sectioned muscle fibers. They are typically located at the A-I junction — the junction between the A and I bands of the sarcomere.
When an action...
15.9K
Isotonic and Isometric Muscle Contractions01:22

Isotonic and Isometric Muscle Contractions

7.7K
Two primary types of muscle contractions are isotonic and isometric, each serving unique functions and involving distinct mechanisms. Both isotonic and isometric contractions are integral to the body's complex system of movement and stability. Isotonic exercises contribute significantly to functional strength and movement, while isometric contractions are crucial for maintaining posture and joint stability.
Isotonic contractions
Isotonic contractions occur when a muscle changes length while...
7.7K
Cross-bridge Cycle01:26

Cross-bridge Cycle

123.2K
As muscle contracts, the overlap between the thin and thick filaments increases, decreasing the length of the sarcomere—the contractile unit of the muscle—using energy in the form of ATP. At the molecular level, this is a cyclic, multistep process that involves binding and hydrolysis of ATP, and movement of actin by myosin.
123.2K
Muscle Stimulation Frequency01:22

Muscle Stimulation Frequency

4.8K
The contraction strength of muscles is regulated by motor neurons, which modulate the frequency of action potentials dispatched to the motor units based on the body's requirements. This process of varying the muscle stimulation frequency allows muscles to contract with a force that is precisely tailored to the needs of the moment, whether lifting a feather or a heavy box.
Wave summation
At low firing rates, motor neurons induce individual twitch contractions in muscle fibers. These twitches...
4.8K
Actin and Myosin in Muscle Contraction01:16

Actin and Myosin in Muscle Contraction

25.3K
Actin and myosin are contractile proteins that form the sarcomere found in skeletal muscle tissues for regulating muscle contraction. Actin, a globular contractile protein, interacts with myosin for muscle contraction. The skeletal tissue appears striped or striated under a microscope due to the repeated arrangement of contractile proteins actin and myosin along the length of myofibrils. Dark A bands and light I bands repeat along myofibrils, and the alignment of myofibrils in the cell causes...
25.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Temporal changes in cortisol secretion and their association with long-term outcomes in benign adrenal incidentalomas: a retrospective cohort study.

The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology·2026
Same author

Integrating Radiomics and Machine Learning to Improve Fluorescence Image Segmentation in in vitro models.

Studies in health technology and informatics·2026
Same author

Data Warehouse to Support Clinical Trials in Dentistry.

Studies in health technology and informatics·2026
Same author

Increased Pre-Activation and Co-Contraction in ACL-Reconstructed Athletes: Insights from AI-based EMG Analysis.

Medicine and science in sports and exercise·2026
Same author

Muscle Network of Parkinson's Gait: A 12-Month Longitudinal Analysis Before and After Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery.

IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society·2026
Same author

The challenges of national health data ecosystems in feeding the European health data space: the Italian example.

Frontiers in medicine·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 20, 2026

Application of Consistent Massage-Like Perturbations on Mouse Calves and Monitoring the Resulting Intramuscular Pressure Changes
07:49

Application of Consistent Massage-Like Perturbations on Mouse Calves and Monitoring the Resulting Intramuscular Pressure Changes

Published on: September 20, 2019

6.1K

Muscle contractions in cyclic movements: Optimization of CIMAP algorithm.

Samanta Rosati, Cristina Castagneri, Valentina Agostini

    Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference
    |October 25, 2017
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study optimized the Clustering of Intramuscular Myoelectric Activity Patterns (CIMAP) algorithm to improve the grouping of cyclic movement data. The enhanced CIMAP significantly reduces variability in muscle activation patterns for both healthy and pathological subjects.

    More Related Videos

    Mechanical Control of Relaxation Using Intact Cardiac Trabeculae
    07:51

    Mechanical Control of Relaxation Using Intact Cardiac Trabeculae

    Published on: February 17, 2023

    1.6K
    Electrophysiological Motor Unit Number Estimation MUNE Measuring Compound Muscle Action Potential CMAP in Mouse Hindlimb Muscles
    09:07

    Electrophysiological Motor Unit Number Estimation MUNE Measuring Compound Muscle Action Potential CMAP in Mouse Hindlimb Muscles

    Published on: September 25, 2015

    22.3K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Feb 20, 2026

    Application of Consistent Massage-Like Perturbations on Mouse Calves and Monitoring the Resulting Intramuscular Pressure Changes
    07:49

    Application of Consistent Massage-Like Perturbations on Mouse Calves and Monitoring the Resulting Intramuscular Pressure Changes

    Published on: September 20, 2019

    6.1K
    Mechanical Control of Relaxation Using Intact Cardiac Trabeculae
    07:51

    Mechanical Control of Relaxation Using Intact Cardiac Trabeculae

    Published on: February 17, 2023

    1.6K
    Electrophysiological Motor Unit Number Estimation MUNE Measuring Compound Muscle Action Potential CMAP in Mouse Hindlimb Muscles
    09:07

    Electrophysiological Motor Unit Number Estimation MUNE Measuring Compound Muscle Action Potential CMAP in Mouse Hindlimb Muscles

    Published on: September 25, 2015

    22.3K

    Area of Science:

    • Biomechanics
    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Signal Processing

    Background:

    • Cyclic movements exhibit variability in muscle activation timing and number per cycle.
    • The original CIMAP algorithm groups cycles with similar EMG activation intervals but shows high intra-cluster variability in pathological populations.
    • Dendrogram clustering is used for grouping similar EMG activation intervals.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and evaluate an optimized version of the CIMAP algorithm.
    • To reduce intra-cluster variability in EMG activation intervals for cyclic movements.
    • To compare the performance of the new CIMAP against the original version in healthy and pathological subjects.

    Main Methods:

    • An optimized CIMAP algorithm was developed by testing 8 parameter combinations for dendrogram construction.
    • The cut-off point for dendrogram clustering was modified in the optimized version.
    • The original and optimized CIMAP algorithms were compared using EMG data from 60 healthy and pathological subjects.

    Main Results:

    • The optimized CIMAP algorithm achieved significantly lower intra-cluster variability compared to the original version (p < 0.001).
    • The new algorithm demonstrates improved performance in grouping EMG activation intervals across diverse subject populations.
    • Reduced variability indicates more consistent and reliable clustering of muscle activation patterns.

    Conclusions:

    • The optimized CIMAP algorithm provides a more robust method for analyzing EMG data during cyclic movements.
    • This enhancement is particularly beneficial for datasets from pathological subjects, improving the accuracy of movement pattern analysis.
    • The refined algorithm offers better insights into neuromuscular control during dynamic activities.