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Updated: Feb 20, 2026

Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic Clamps in Conscious, Unrestrained Mice
Published on: November 16, 2011
Glucagon-like peptide-1 levels and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 activity in type 2 diabetes
Abdulhalim Senyigit1, Omur Tabak, Timur Orhanoglu
1University of Biruni, Medical Faculty, Department of Internal Medicine, Medicine Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. email@email.com.
Purpose:
Hyperglycemia is the major risk factor for microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. This randomized controlled clinical trial aimed to investigate T2DM patients with microvascular complications with regard to possible relations among serum clusterin (CLU), amylin, secreted frizzled-related protein-4 (SFRP-4), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) activities.
Methods:
Subject groups were defined as follows: T2DM without complications (n=25, F/M=9/16, age 53.9±11.1 years); T2DM+Retinopathy (n=25, F/M=13/12, age 63.8±7.1 years); T2DM+Nephropathy (n=25, F/M=13/12, age 58.7±14.4 years); T2DM+Neuropathy (n=25, F/M=15/10, age 63.2±9.6 years); and healthy control subjects (HC) (n=25). CLU, amylin, SFRP-4, DPP-4 and GLP-1 (total and active) activities were measured and compared in blood samples from type 2 diabetic patients with and without microvascular complications.
Results:
Significantly lower levels of DPP-4 and GLP-1total (P.
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