Unraveling the Mechanism for the Sharp-Tip Enhanced Electrocatalytic Carbon Dioxide Reduction: The Kinetics Decide

The electrocatalytic reduction reaction of carbon dioxide can be significantly enhanced by the use of a sharp-tip electrode. However, the experimentally observed rate enhancement is many orders of magnitudes smaller than what would be expected from an energetic point of view. The kinetics of this tip-enhanced reaction are shown to play a decisive role, and a novel reaction-diffusion kinetic model is proposed. The experimentally observed sharp-tip enhanced reaction and the maximal producing rate of carbon monoxide under different electrode potentials are well-reproduced. Moreover, the optimal performance shows a strong dependence on the interaction between CO₂ and the local electric field, on the adsorption rate of CO₂ , but not on the reaction barrier. Two new strategies to further enhance the reaction rate have also been proposed. The findings highlight the importance of kinetics in modeling electrocatalytic reactions.