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Avian Group D Rotaviruses: Structure, Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Perspectives on Future Research Challenges

Pallavi Deol1, Jobin Jose Kattoor2, Shubhankar Sircar3

  • 1Division of Biological Standardization, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243 122, India. pallavi.deol@gmail.com.

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 25, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Group D rotavirus (RVD) causes enteritis in animals and stunts growth in poultry. This review covers RVD identification, epidemiology, diagnosis, and prevention in poultry, addressing knowledge gaps.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Virology
  • Avian Pathology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Rotaviruses (RVs) are significant causes of enteritis and growth impairment in various species, notably poultry.
  • Group D rotavirus (RVD), identified in 1981, forms a distinct serogroup and is implicated in poultry runting and stunting syndrome (RSS).
  • RVD contributes to substantial economic losses in the poultry industry, alongside other enteric viruses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To consolidate current knowledge on Group D rotavirus (RVD) in poultry.
  • To review the identification, epidemiology, diagnostic methods, and prevention strategies for RVD in avian species.
  • To highlight existing knowledge gaps concerning RVD prevalence, pathogenicity, and economic impact in the poultry sector.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific publications on Group D rotavirus (RVD).
  • Analysis of epidemiological data and diagnostic approaches for RVD in poultry.
  • Synthesis of information on RVD pathogenesis and control measures.

Main Results:

  • Group D rotavirus (RVD) is antigenically distinct from other rotavirus groups.
  • RVD is increasingly recognized as a contributing factor to runting and stunting syndrome (RSS) in poultry.
  • Limited genomic data and lack of available diagnostics/vaccines hinder effective RVD management.

Conclusions:

  • Further research is crucial to elucidate the precise prevalence and pathogenicity of RVD in poultry.
  • Development of reliable immunodiagnostic tools and effective vaccines is essential for controlling RVD outbreaks.
  • Understanding RVD's role in poultry health is vital for mitigating economic losses in the industry.
Keywords:
challengescontroldiagnosisepidemiologypoultryrotavirus Drunting and stunting syndrome

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