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Related Concept Videos

Fractures: Bone Repair01:27

Fractures: Bone Repair

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Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the...
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Sutures of the Skull01:22

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The human skull is composed of several bones that come together to protect the brain and support the structures of the face. The junctions where these bones meet are called sutures.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 20, 2026

Creating Rigidly Stabilized Fractures for Assessing Intramembranous Ossification, Distraction Osteogenesis, or Healing of Critical Sized Defects
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Creating Rigidly Stabilized Fractures for Assessing Intramembranous Ossification, Distraction Osteogenesis, or Healing of Critical Sized Defects

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Is S3 a Viable Osseous Fixation Pathway?

Jonathan G Eastman1, Mark R Adams2, Kendall Frisoli1

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA.

Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma
|October 25, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Only 15.2% of patients have a suitable pathway for a transiliac-transsacral screw in the S3 segment. Sacral dysmorphism increases the likelihood of this osseous fixation pathway (OFP) being adequate for screw placement.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Radiology
  • Anatomy

Background:

  • The third sacral segment (S3) is a critical anatomical landmark for pelvic fixation.
  • Understanding the osseous fixation pathway (OFP) in the S3 segment is crucial for implant selection.
  • Transiliac-transsacral screws are utilized in complex pelvic reconstructions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of an S3 osseous fixation pathway (OFP) suitable for a transiliac-transsacral screw.
  • To investigate the association between sacral dysmorphism and the presence of an adequate S3 OFP.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of computed tomography (CT) scans from 250 patients without pelvic trauma.
  • Axial and sagittal reconstructions were reviewed to assess sacral dysmorphism and S3 OFP.
  • Evaluation for the presence of an S3 OFP capable of accommodating a 7.0-mm screw.

Main Results:

  • Sacral dysmorphism was present in 52% of patients (130/250).
  • An S3 OFP accommodating a 7.0-mm screw was identified in 15.2% of all patients (38/250).
  • Patients with sacral dysmorphism were more likely to have an adequate S3 OFP (89.5% of those with adequate OFP had dysmorphism).

Conclusions:

  • Approximately 15.2% of patients possess an S3 OFP adequate for intraosseous implants.
  • Sacral dysmorphism is a significant indicator for the presence of an adequate S3 OFP.
  • Further research is needed to explore S3 OFP quantification, bone quality, biomechanics, and anatomical considerations for screw placement.