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Akihiro Isomura1, Hiroshi Kori2, Ryoichiro Kageyama3

  • 1Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawahara, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Japan Science and Technology Agency, PRESTO, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.

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Segmentation clock genes exhibit self-oscillatory behavior. New research reveals Yap signaling sets the threshold for oscillations, while Notch signaling triggers them, uncovering excitable system properties.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental biology
  • Systems biology
  • Gene regulation

Background:

  • Segmentation clock genes drive embryonic development through self-oscillatory expression.
  • A delayed negative-feedback loop underlies this oscillatory behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the properties of segmentation clock gene expression beyond simple self-oscillation.
  • To identify signaling pathways that regulate the transition into an oscillatory state.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of gene expression patterns in developing embryos.
  • Mathematical modeling of gene regulatory networks.
  • Perturbation experiments involving Yap and Notch signaling pathways.

Main Results:

  • Segmentation clock gene expression demonstrates characteristics of an excitable system.
  • Yap signaling acts as a threshold regulator, determining the system's readiness to oscillate.
  • Notch signaling functions as a trigger, initiating the oscillatory behavior.

Conclusions:

  • Segmentation clock gene expression is governed by principles of excitable systems.
  • Yap and Notch signaling pathways play critical, distinct roles in controlling segmentation clock dynamics.
  • This provides a more nuanced understanding of embryonic segmentation mechanisms.