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Localized Gastric Amyloidosis with Kappa and Lambda Light Chain Co-Expression.

Yong Hwan Ahn1, Ye Young Rhee2, Suck Chei Choi3

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Plus Internal Medicine Clinic, Suncheon, Korea.

Clinical Endoscopy
|October 26, 2017
PubMed
Summary

This study reports a case of localized gastric amyloidosis, a rare condition characterized by amyloid protein deposition in the stomach. Diagnosis involved endoscopy, biopsy, and specialized staining, revealing kappa and lambda light chain coexpression.

Keywords:
Co-expressionLight chain amyloidosisLocalized gastric amyloidosis

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Pathology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Gastric amyloidosis is a rare condition.
  • Early gastric cancer can present with similar endoscopic findings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of localized gastric amyloidosis.
  • To highlight diagnostic challenges and findings.

Main Methods:

  • Esophagogastroduodenoscopy for cancer screening.
  • Histopathologic evaluation of biopsy specimens.
  • Congo red staining and polarized light microscopy.
  • Immunohistochemical staining for kappa and lambda light chains.

Main Results:

  • A 20 mm depressed gastric lesion was found.
  • Histopathology revealed chronic active gastritis with amorphous eosinophilic material.
  • Congo red staining and polarized light microscopy confirmed amyloid proteins.
  • Immunohistochemistry showed kappa and lambda light chain-positive plasma cells.
  • No systemic amyloidosis or plasma cell dyscrasia was detected.

Conclusions:

  • The patient was diagnosed with localized gastric amyloidosis.
  • The condition presented as a gastric lesion mimicking early gastric cancer.
  • Diagnosis requires a combination of endoscopic, histopathologic, and immunohistochemical analyses.