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Related Concept Videos

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
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Carbohydrate Metabolism01:36

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Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
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Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose01:16

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Insulin is released by beta cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels are high. It facilitates glucose absorption and utilization in insulin-dependent cells with insulin receptors on their plasma membranes. Insulin promotes glucose uptake by increasing the number of glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, allowing glucose to enter the cell. As a result, glucose utilization and ATP production are enhanced.
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
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Metabolomics in gestational diabetes.

Xun Mao1, Xuyang Chen1, Chang Chen2

  • 1Mass Spectrometry Centre, China-Canada-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Foetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.

Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry
|October 26, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Metabolomics shows promise for detecting gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) biomarkers, but current studies lack reproducibility. Future research needs larger, longitudinal cohorts and unified methods for reliable GDM screening.

Keywords:
BiomarkersGestational diabetes mellitusMetabolic pathwaysMetabolomicsPregnancy complications

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Endocrinology
  • Metabolomics
  • Diabetes Research

Background:

  • Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is diagnosed during pregnancy, lacking early screening tools.
  • Metabolomics offers potential for identifying GDM biomarkers.
  • Existing GDM metabolomic studies face challenges with reproducibility and study design.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent metabolomic studies on GDM.
  • To identify challenges in current GDM metabolomic research.
  • To propose future directions for GDM metabolomic investigations.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of GDM studies utilizing metabolomic techniques.
  • Analysis of common study designs (e.g., case-control) and specimen collection timing (mid-pregnancy).
  • Evaluation of limitations including lack of reproducibility, small sample sizes, and unrepresentative participant groups.

Main Results:

  • Diverse predictive markers and dysregulated metabolic pathways linked to GDM pathogenesis identified.
  • Significant lack of reproducibility across studies.
  • Case-control designs and mid-pregnancy samples may not capture GDM's complexity.

Conclusions:

  • Future GDM metabolomic studies require a cross-platform approach with unified diagnostic criteria.
  • Longitudinal cohorts and advanced data processing are essential for comprehensive metabolome analysis.
  • Investigating environmental chemical exposures, like endocrine disruptors, in GDM development is crucial.